PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CHROMIUM EXPOSURE: A REVIEW
Journal Title: European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 6
Abstract
Human exposure to metals is common due to their wide use in industry, and environmental persistence. The heaviest metal exposures occurred in the workplace or in environmental settings in close proximity to industrial sources. Chromium is one of the heaviest metals. Although chromium relative atomic mass is 51.996g it may found in 0, +2, +3 and +6 forms. Metal chromium (0) is used in steel production, whereas chromium (VI) and chromium (III) are used for chrome plating, dyes and pigments, leather tanning, and wood preserving. Divalent chromium (Cr2+) is a strong reductant. Chromium (VI) compounds are more toxic than chromium (III) compounds. Chromium (III) occurs naturally in the environment. The daily intake of chromium from food, air, and water is estimated, respectively, as 60, < 0.2-0.6, and < 4.0μg. Chromium enters the air, water and soil in the chromium (III) and chromium (VI) form through natural processes and human activities. A possible source of chromium exposure to the general public is waste dumps for chromate producing using local air or water pollution. Chromium compounds (chromates, dichromates and chromic acid) pose the most significant health hazards. Generally the health problems that are caused by chromium exposure are:- It can cause allergic reactions, such as skin rash; nose irritations and nosebleeds; Upset stomachs and ulcers; Respiratory problems such as respiratory tract irritant to the nose, throat and lungs; Weakened immune systems; Kidney and liver damage; Alteration of genetic material; Lung cancer and Death. The physiological effect of chromium exposure is not restricted to these effects only; but also, it affects other many physiological parameters including of: - Skin effects; Cardiovascular effects; Haematological effects; Reproductive and developmental effects; Gastrointestinal effects; Ocular effects; Neurological effects and so on.
Authors and Affiliations
Abraha Teklay
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP636038
- DOI -
- Views 143
- Downloads 0
ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE PROFILE AND EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES (ESBLS) PRODUCTION BY SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM HIV/AIDS SUBJECTS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
The present study investigated the antibiotics resistance profile and ESBLs producing strains of Salmonella isolated from HIV/AIDS seropositive subjects in Akwa Ibom State. Stool samples from 300 HIV/AIDS seropositve per...
SIZE ANALYSIS OF THE SYMPHYSIS PUBIC IN A NIGERIA POPULATION
The human pelvis has shown to hold varying degree of functions, thus this study is aimed at evaluating the role of pubic synphysis on sex estimation. Convenient sampling was done and a total of 1500 Anterior posterior pe...
HAZARD RATIO PREDICTION | DIABETES MELLITUS AND BMI RELATIONSHIP: STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF PAKISTAN
Objective: This designed study established the outcomes of raised BMI on diabetes mellitus type 2 beginning and its associated complications among Pakistani urban community. Methods: This study was conducted in Mohtarma...
HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF HEPATIC CELLS OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS: AN ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MGBUOBA FISH POND
Background: Ecotoxicological assessment the aquatic life has become an urgent need and an integral part of human survival. As such this study was undertaken to assay the status of the fishes bred and sold for consumption...
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS FOR SURFACE ANTIGENS GENES (SAG1, SAG2, & SAG3) OF TOXOPLASMOSIS IN BASRAH PROVINCE-IRAQ
The current study was done in Basrah province during the period from January 2017 to September 2017. The results show that 8 (68.5%) were positive by conventional PCR for SAG1 gene and 12 (17.1%), 13 (25.7%) were positiv...