Phytochemical Screening, Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Studies of Aqueous Stem Bark Extract of Ficus polita
Journal Title: Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Ficus polita Vahl is a tropical African evergreen shrub or small tree belonging to the family Moraceae, and usually growing up to 15 metres tall. Extracts from different part of the plant had been demonstrated to exhibit various medicinal activities. Qualitative phytochemical screening of aqueous stem bark extract of F. polita was determined. Acute (LD50) and sub-chronic oral toxicity studies of the extract of F. polita were evaluated in wistar albino rats. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, fats and oils, terpenoids, carbohydrates, starch, gums and mucilages, and proteins. The LD50 of this extract was estimated to be more than 5000 mg/kg. Oral administration of the extract (1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 mg/kg body weight) revealed significant difference (p<0.05) in haematological parameters RBC, haemoglobin, PCV, MCV, MCH, and lymphocytes, in some of the treated doses. There was no significant increase (p>0.05) in MCHC, WBC, platelets, and PDW, in some of the treated doses when compared with control. Analyses of serum total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea, sodium, and chloride revealed significant changes (p<0.05) in some of the treated doses compared to their controls. However, no significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in serum liver enzymes (AST and ALT), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and potassium of some of the treated doses when compared to their controls. These results suggest that the aqueous stem bark extract of F. polita is rich in phytochemicals, and may be considered relatively safe at the tested doses.
Authors and Affiliations
A. Nasir, A. I. Yaradua, I. U. Muhammad, A. J. Alhassan, M. S. Sule, A. M. Kanadi
Studies on the Antibacterial Potential and Time-kill Assays of Methanol Leaf Extract of Lawsonia inermis (Linn)
Lawsonia inermis is used for the treatment of several ailments such as rheumatoid arthritis, diarrhoea and skin diseases. The design of this study focused on the determination of the antibacterial potential and rate of k...
Assessment of the Microbiological Safety of Potable Water from Rural Settlements in Owo Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
Access to quality drinking water is a major problem in rural settlements in Owo Local Government Area (L.G.A.) of Ondo State, Nigeria where surface and ground water sources (streams and wells) used for drinking are locat...
Influence of Aerobic Exercise Training on Cardiac Troponin of University Students in Nnewi South Eastern Nigeria
Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major public health problem & a leading cause of mortality in Nigeria, which has been largely attributed to the decline in physical exercise predisposing people to various forms of...
Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Post - Operative Wounds of Mothers WHO Underwent Caesarean Section at the Mother and Child Hospital, Akure, Ondo State
This study was designed to determine the antibiogram of bacteria isolated from post - operative wound samples of mothers who underwent caesarean section at the Mother and Child Hospital, Akure. The collected samples were...
Spectrum of Thyroid Diseases in Makurdi, Benue State of Nigeria: A Review of 94 Consecutive Cases
This study aims to review the spectrum of thyroid diseases in Makurdi, Benue State of Nigeria through a histopathological survey. It is a retrospective study covering 1st January, 2005 to 31st December, 2016. Ninety four...