Post Harvest Studies on Yam Tubers Dioscorea rotundata Poir. Pre-Treated With Bio- Pesticides against Soil Pests and Pathogen
Journal Title: Journal of Plant Science and Research - Year 2016, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Post-harvest loses has been the bane of yam farmers over the years negating effort, resources and time invested in crop production. Farmers need to be equipped with pesticide alternatives for yam minisett seed dressing that are affordable, available, non-toxic to man and environmentally friendly. Postharvest investigation was conducted on yam tubers harvested from field planted with minisett yams Dioscorea rotundata cv abii pre-treated with fruit powder of Azadirachta indica and Piper guineense in comparism with Apon plus 50DS and Minisett dust (NRCRI) as seed dressing at 2.7kg/ha against soil pests and pathogens. The germination / sprouting of the yam tubers was not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the bio- pesticides. At 16 weeks in storage, all the treatments except Minisett dust significantly controlled or reduced weight loss of yam tubers. The treatments significantly controlled yam rot while Piper guineense performed best. Nematode infestation (root knot galled tuber and Scutellonem bradys cracks) on yam tubers was effectively controlled (by Piper guineense, Azadirachta indica followed by Apron plus 50DS and Minisett dust treatment. Storage insects Araecerus fasciculatus Degeer and (Coleoptera Anthribidae) attacked all pre-treated and untreated (control) tubers in storage. Analysis of the yam tuber nutrient composition showed no significant difference in carbohydrate, protein, fat ash, and fiber contents compared with the composition of the untreated tubers (control). Apron plus treatment however, appeared to lower protein content of yam tubers and the yam tissue of Dioscrea rotundata cv abii. The study concluded that the use of A. indica and P. guineense fruit dust as seed treatment will encourage shelve life and higher production of seed yams which will affect the market value of planting materials positively. Therefore it is recommended for wide spread farmers awareness and use through extension advocacy.
Authors and Affiliations
Aghale Duke Nduka
Keywords
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