Potential of Cyperus Papyrus in Yard-Scale Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment in Cameroon
Journal Title: Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology - Year 2011, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performances of Cyperus papyrus in horizontal flow constructed wetlands used for domestic wastewater treatment. Two system configurations were used: the horizontal surface flow (HSF) and the horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF). Each wetland was continuously fed by primarily treated wastewater, at an average organic loading rate of 106 kg BOD/ha-d. Growth and productivity of the plant were assessed alongside the reduction of physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of water in both wetland configurations. Progressive increase in the plant density, shoot length and stem diameter were observed. Above-ground and underground biomasses of 41 and 90 tonnes of dry weight/ha/year respectively were estimated. The reduction of several physicochemical parameters and that of faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci were not significantly different in the vegetated as compare to the non vegetated control wetlands in both HSSF and HSF configurations. The HSF was nevertheless more efficient in the removal of faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci as compared to the HSSF. The rate of absorption of ammonia nitrogen by C. papyrus was estimated to about 1.11 g/m2/d in the HSSF and 2.0 g/m2/d in the HSF wetlands, while that of nitrate nitrogen was estimated to about 0.35 g/m2/d and 0.57 g/m2/d respectively.
Authors and Affiliations
Fonkou Theophile, Ivo Balock Sako, Lekeufack Martin, Mekontso Tankoua Fabrice and Amougou Akoa
Keywords
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