Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
Journal Title: Vajira Medical Journal: Journal of Urban Medicine - Year 2021, Vol 65, Issue 1
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. Methods: Retrospective cohort study was conducted at Vajira hospital. Medical records of autoimmune patients who received chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine from January 2017 to December 2019 were reviewed. Results: Of the 177 enrolled patients, 19 patients developed retinopathy. The prevalence of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy was 10.7%. 17 patients had the pericentral pattern of retinal change, whereas only 2 patients had the classic parafoveal distribution of retinal damage. Factors associated with retinopathy were duration of chloroquine treatment (p=0.009), cumulative dose of chloroquine (p=0.009) and cumulative dose of chloroquine with hydroxychloroquine (p=0.015). After using multivariate analysis, duration of chloroquine treatment (adjusted OR=1.01; 95%CI 1.00-1.02, p=0.01) and liver disease (adjusted OR=23.72; 95%CI 1.25-448.68, p=0.035) were significant. Conclusions: The prevalence of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy was 10.7%. Factors associated with retinopathy were duration of chloroquine treatment and liver disease. Factors that may associated with retinopathy were cumulative dose of chloroquine, cumulative dose of chloroquine with hydroxychloroquine.
Authors and Affiliations
Sireedhorn Kurathong Kornwipa Hemarat Seerung Noonpradej Siriporn Manavathongchai
Keywords
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- EP ID EP723812
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14456/vmj.2021.48
- Views 56
- Downloads 0
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