Prevalence and risk factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is generally associated with vascular complication like nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease. Microalbuminuria has a strong correlation with microvascular as well as macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Establishment of peripheral vascular complications leads to early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of renal and cardiovascular complications. This study investigated the value of ankle-brachial index (ABI) for prediction of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Measurement of ABI with colour Doppler ultrasonography was carried out for 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. An ABI Index less than 0.9 were defined as a predictive marker for atherosclerosis. Microalbuminuria and risk factors of atherosclerosis were compared between the patients categorized based on the ABI values. Results: The mean ABI was 1.1 ± 0.2 (range 0.52 to 1.6) and 20 (20%) had an abnormal ABI (< 0.9). The correlations were significant between abnormal ABI and duration of disease (p<0.001), cardiovascular event and cardiac care unit admission (p<0.001), hypertension (p<0.01), and dyslipidemia (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between ABI and microalbuminuria (odds ratio 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.038 to 0.630; P <0.01). Conclusions: The ABI is a noninvasive and reliable assay for detection of peripheral and cardiovascular complications, and also early stage of nephropathy in diabetic patients. In patients with an abnormal ABI, long-term follow-up for earlier detection and prevention of complications is helpful.
Authors and Affiliations
A. K Singh
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