Problemy edukacji dzieci polskich zesłańców (1941–1946)
Journal Title: Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 1
Abstract
Four massive deportations of the Polish citizens from the occupied by the Red Army territory to the distant parts of the USSR (1940-1941), abruptly discontinued the educational process of many children. In their locations of their forced deportation, where they were exposed to dramatically difficult living conditions, only some children received access to education, but exclusively in Russian. When in July 30, 1940, the diplomatic relations between the USSR and Poland were resumed, a chance appeared to change the situation: the Polish Embassy attempted to organize the education for the deported children in Polish. In general the Polish efforts did not bring, however, the expected results. Problems appeared with obtaining e.g. adequate buildings, equipment, qualified educators, teaching programs, handbooks and writing materials. The improvised education for the deported children concentrated on teaching them basic reading, writing and simple arithmetic. When in July 30, 1941, the diplomatic relations between the USSR and Poland were resumed, a chance appeared to change the situation: the Polish Embassy attempted to organize the education for the deported children in Polish. In general the Polish efforts did not bring, however, the expected results. Problems appeared with obtaining e.g. adequate buildings, equipment, qualified educators, teaching programs, handbooks and writing materials. The improvised education for the deported children concentrated only on teaching them basic reading, writing and simple arithmetic. With the increasing tension in the Polish-Soviet relations, which were finally severed (April 25, 1943), even these schools were eventually taken over by the Soviets. Yet, the foundation of both the Union of the Polish Patriots in the USSR and the Committee for the Polish Children, which operated within the Ministry of Russian Federal Education (June 30, 1943), granted a solid organizational basis for the education of the deported Polish children. Educational plans and programs appeared. In addition, the funds, allocated by the Soviet authorities, helped with the preparation of educational programs and publication of handbooks. Consequently, a sizable part of the deported Polish children were not only saved from illiteracy, but they were also able to preserve their strong sense of Polish identity.
Authors and Affiliations
Albin Głowacki
Keywords
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- EP ID EP192363
- DOI 10.17460/2016.1_2.10
- Views 175
- Downloads 0
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