PROTECTION OF HOUSING RIGHTS AND INTERESTS OF THE PERSON: GROUNDS, SATISFACTION, PROBLEM OF CHOICE OF FORMS AND METHODS
Journal Title: Вісник Запорізького національного університету. Юридичні науки - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of legal relations in the field of civil protection of residential rights and interests of individuals. It is this formulation of the topic of research, according to the author, is the most complete. It reflects the author’s approach. First, protection is subject not only to the rights but also to the interests of persons in the housing sector. Secondly, the protection of housing rights and interests, and not just the rights of persons to housing. «Housing rights» is an embodiment of all the rights and interests of the person in charge in the housing sector, and not only the rights of persons to housing («housing rights» and «housing rights» are referred to as general and special). The author concludes for the first time that residential «interests» of individuals are unjustifiably overlooked both by legislators and by academics. For the most part, it is a matter of violating, not recognizing or challenging the rights of individuals (subjects of residential relations) – real and binding ones. Since the main sphere of residential relations concerns the realization of the real rights of persons to housing (property rights and rights to use living quarters), the main attention of the legislator is directed at the development of effective means of protection of these rights in particular. The same is true in the area of protecting the rights of participants in binding legal relationships in the housing sector. Therefore, the mechanism of protection of residential interests of citizens is imperfect and ineffective. According to the author’s approach, the institution of protection of housing rights and interests of individuals contains elements. These are: the norms that establish the housing rights and interests of individuals; norms that establish the right of a person to protect housing rights; procedural rules, which establish the mechanism of civil-procedural protection of the rights and interests of individuals, forms and methods of protection of housing rights. However, the completeness of these norms and the effectiveness of their application has its drawbacks. One of them is the concept of the outdated Housing Code and housing legislation in general, which establish different legal regime of residential premises of different housing stock (state, communal, private - in form of ownership, general and special use – in the sphere of use of housing, social housing stock). It is worth noting that this condition is not recognized by all scientists. For example, Koroleva E. concludes that violations, non-recognition or disputes of residential rights should be considered the grounds for the right to protection regardless of the type of housing stock [1, p.117]. Recognize that, in fact, violations, non-recognition or contesting rights are universally recognized grounds for «launching» a protection mechanism (in order for a person to be able to exercise his right to protection). At the same time, the type of housing stock in respect of which the rights of a citizen have been violated is crucial for the choice of forms and methods of protection of housing rights, since different types of housing stock are subject to various acts of civil and residential law. The author’s arguments are based on the arguments of Samoylenko G. that civil law regulates civil relations (personal non-property, property, organizational, obligatory, protective and protective, etc.), which are based on legal equality, free expression of will, property independence of their participants [2, p. 68]. Continuing this opinion, we arrive at the conclusion that some of the relations governed by housing legislation are the subject of civil law, and, therefore, the subject of civil-law regulation. At the same time, the author agrees with the approach of Galiantych M.K. that the legislator, having secured regulatory guarantees for the protection of residential rights of individuals (certain possibilities – forms and methods of protecting civil rights), did not give legal definition of such protection [3, p. 424]. The author concludes that there is no legal definition of the peculiarities, specific types of protection of certain types of housing rights and interests; lack of recognition of the dependence of methods of protection against types of housing stock, violations of housing rights and interests. This is not in favor of a mechanism of protection, nor will I protect the rights and interests of carriers of residential rights.
Authors and Affiliations
В. В. Калюжний
Keywords
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