PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPONENTS OF STRESS RESISTANCE OF AN ORPHANED CHILD
Journal Title: Psychological journal - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 7
Abstract
An overview of scientific literature has made it possible to reveal that researchers in the analysis of the phenomenon of “stress resistance” emphasize on its various characteristics. Some researchers understand stress resistance as a property, quality of personality, others emphasize the ability of the individual to control, self-control and adequate response in a stressful situation, or generally consider stress resistance through the prism of adaptation. Sekach, H. Mykhailov, O. Pryvalova, V. Dolgova understand stress resistance as a dynamic structure, the main components of which are: emotional – accumulated in the process of overcoming difficult situations and manifested in confidence, in the sense of inspiration and satisfaction from the task; volitional – expressed in self-command, self-control, conscious self-regulation of actions, and maintaining them in accordance with the situation’s requirements. In addition, the volitional component performs the monitoring and evaluation function of preservation and restoration and expedient regulation of activity; intellectual - reflects mental performance, style of thinking. In turn, Yu.Guryanov, S. Kozlov, and V. Vlasov distinguish the following structural components of stress resistance: the physiological component – determines the reserve of energy capabilities of the human being; operational (motor) component – combines and provides knowledge of activity methods and techniques, necessary skills and abilities, etc.; a communicative component – characterizes the socio-psychological aspect of the person’s activity, the state of interaction readiness; motivational component – reflects the purposefulness of the individual to perform the task, it is represented by the manifestation of various motivational tendencies that perform the inductive, content-creative and regulatory functions; cognitive component – characterizes the degree of awareness and understanding of a particular task, and provides the function for creating, structuring, current analysis and predicting the dynamics of situations [2, 7]. Summing up the views of L. A. Kitayev-Smyk, V. G. Samokhvalov, I. B. Zabolotskyi, V. M. Korolchuk, V. M. Krainyuk, O. Polischuk states that stress resistance is the individual ability of the human organism to maintain normal working capacity during the stress factor action and distinguishes three psychological components of stress resistance: 1. Social, which is the primary basis for the development of the internal self-confidence of a person (provided the belief in the support of other people). It corresponds the thesis of L.S. Vygotsky that any psychic function appears twice: first on the outer, then on the inner plane. 2. Behavioral – a set of acquired in the process of upbringing forms of behavior, aimed at mobilizing body defenses in order to overcome stress. 3. Personal component has absorbed and summarized in its structure all the features of the human psyche. O. Polishchuk suggests that the degree of a person’s stressresistance is determined in a certain way precisely by the features formed in them [14]. On the basis of a detailed study of scientific researches (N. Avdeyeva, H. Bevz, L. Volynets, L. Halihuzova, Ya. Hoshovskyi, T. Huskova, I. Dubrovina, M. Lisina, S. Meshcheryakova, V. Mukhina, A. Prykhozhan, A. Ruzska, Ye. Smirnova, Ye. Strebelyeva, N. Tolstykh, etc.) devoted to the psychology of orphaned children, analysis of their life situation and taking into account the specifics of stress factors, the following psychological components of the stressresistance of orphans are singled out: psychophysiological, cognitive and reflexive, emotional and volitional, motivational and evaluative and communicative.
Authors and Affiliations
Khrystyna Stelmashchuk
Keywords
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- EP ID EP547817
- DOI 10.31108/1.2018.7.17.9
- Views 63
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