Recent Development Issues in Nanotechnology for Gas Storage

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Recent Development Issues in Nanotechnology for Gas Storage

Journal Title: Archives of Nanomedicine: Open Access Journal - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 5

Abstract

Nanomaterials and their derived sub-groups are emerging into the advanced materials field due to their high free porous volume, structural regularity, robustness, hydrothermal stability, and functional variety. They present high gas uptake capacities and presence of stabilized active functions in the framework. A significant technical challenge has been recognized as the development of a viable method to efficiently trap hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide gas molecules in a confined space for various applications. During the past decade, nano-materials have emerged as the new building blocks to construct light energy harvesting assemblies. Organic and inorganic hybrid structures that exhibit improved selectivity and efficiency toward catalytic processes have been designed. Size dependent properties such as size quantization effects in semiconductor nanoparticles and quantized charging effects in metal nanoparticles provide the basis for developing new and effective systems [1,2] (Figure 1). The development of microporous organic polymers (MOPs) with pore size less than 2nm has attracted a great deal of attention [3]. These microporous materials possessing high surface area, low skeleton density, and chemical tunability have opened the door to many potential applications in the area of heterogeneous catalysis [4] (Figure 2). Light harvesting [5], gas separation and storage [6]. For MOPs, the permanent porosity derives from backbone rigidity and space-inefficient packing of the polymer chains [7]. In this regard, many rigid and contorted monomers such as spirocyclic and tetrahedral compounds have been investigated as successful building blocks in the preparation of soluble polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) [8] and other insoluble MOPs [9]. The particular advantage of MOPs is to introduce a wide range of useful chemical functionalities into the pores [10]. Furthermore, the embedding of transition metal sites into MOPs could open up second-generation porous materials with useful combined chemical and physical properties [10] and offers potential as heterogeneous catalysts for various organic reactions such as general hydrogenations [11], oxidation of thiols [12], Suzukie Miyaura couplings [13] and so forth [14]. Metal catalytic moieties into functional MOPs has at least two advantages: i) the homogeneous distribution of active metal nanoparticles (NPs) is enabled by the strong interaction with the functional porous supports, which has been believed to give effective catalytic activity and selectivity [15]; ii) the metal leaching could be greatly suppressed in the process of catalyst separation for recycling [16]. Therefore it is highly desirable to investigate methods to incorporate a variety of functionalities into MOPs.

Authors and Affiliations

Dina S Ahmed, Hadeel Adil, Emad Yousif

Keywords

Nanomaterials; Gas Storage; Microporous Organic Polymers; Hydrogen; Carbon Dioxide; Methane; Carbon Nanotubes; Clean Energy

EP ID EP588963
DOI 10.32474/ANOAJ.2018.01.000121
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