Recent Influences of Anthropogenic Activities and Seasons on Heavy Metal Distribution in Shoreline Sediments in Lake Victoria Near Kisumu City, Kenya
Journal Title: UNKNOWN - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
The Winam Gulf on Lake Victoria around Kisumu city has seen increase in anthropogenic activities. The activities discharge pollutants, especially heavy metals into the lake. The heavy metals sink into sediments, which slowly release them into the lake water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution and sources of heavy metals into Winam Gulf sediments near Kisumu city during wet and dry seasons. Sediments were sampled from sites at Molasses Plant, Coca-Cola Plant, Rivers Kisat and Kisian discharge points at intervals of 50 m from the shoreline into the lake. The metal level (μg/g) ranges obtained were: 0.90-1.20 (Cd), 2.60-36.00 (Cr), 71.40-122.90 (Cu), 1283.40-1468.70 (Fe), 792.30-1631.20 (Mn), 61.80-181.00 (Pb) and 100.10-187.60 (Zn) with River Kisat discharge point recording the highest levels for all metals. The metal levels were different (p ≤ 0.05) in all sites. River Kisat discharge point had the highest heavy metals concentration due to the dense anthropogenic activities within the adjacent environment. Metal levels varied (p ≤ 0.05) with seasons in all sites with higher levels recorded during wet season an indication of surface runoff. In all sites, the levels decreased (p ≤ 0.05) with increased distances from the shore into the lake suggesting a dilution effect. The results confirm that the anthropogenic activities cause metal pollution. It is necessary to control activities that discharge heavy metals into the lake water and continuously monitor the heavy metal levels. This will enable enforcement agencies to formulate regulations to safeguard human and aquatic life within the gulf.
Authors and Affiliations
Francis M Kiema, Philip O Owuor, Raphael JA Kapiyo
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP357299
- DOI 10.4172/2380-2391.1000201
- Views 30
- Downloads 0
Innovative Materials for Removal of New Generation Pollutants from Aquatic Environment
Wide spread application of Nanoparticles (NPs) for various uses like antibacterial materials, drug delivery systems, cosmetics, pesticides and electronic gadgets leads to developments in nanotechnology. Improvement in pr...
Prevalence of Some Heavy Metals in Mango and Pawpaw Found in Dumpsites of Obio/Akpo and Eleme Local Government Areas in River State, Nigeria
Concentrations of six heavy metals Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Mg were investigated in dumpsites and non-dumpsites in parts of Rivers State. Similar sizes of two species of fruits mango (Mangifera indica) and pawpaw (Carica...
Recent Influences of Anthropogenic Activities and Seasons on Heavy Metal Distribution in Shoreline Sediments in Lake Victoria Near Kisumu City, Kenya
The Winam Gulf on Lake Victoria around Kisumu city has seen increase in anthropogenic activities. The activities discharge pollutants, especially heavy metals into the lake. The heavy metals sink into sediments, which sl...
Variations in Nitrogen (NH4+, NO2-, NO3-) and Heavy Metal (Al and Cu)Levels of Water from Swimming Pools in the City Center and Districts of Canakkale, Turkey
In this study, some nitrogen (NO2-, NO3-, NH4+) and metal (Al and Cu) concentrations were analyzed during the summer period by using an ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy method in a total of 44 swimming pools loc...
Sorption of Pb2+, Co2+ and Cr2+ Using Cissus populnea Stem Bark Powder as Bio-Sorbent
Sorption of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cr2+ in aqueous solution using immobilized Cissus populnea stem bark powder as a bio-sorbent was studied. The maximum sorption capacity of ICPSB on Pb2+, Co2+ and Cr2+ are 94.20%, 88.19% and 78...