Recent Topics in Steroid and Asthma: Beyond the ‘Classic’ Concept of Action
Journal Title: Global Journal of Allergy - Year 2015, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC)s exert anti-inflammatory effects via binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (NR3C1), targeted gene expression, and protein synthesis, which need hours before the onset of the action (transactivation). GCs also suppress inflammation by direct or indirect interaction with transcription factors, such as activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (transrepression). Recently, the non-genomic actions of GCs were discovered on recognition of its rapid onset of action within seconds to minutes. GCs target many cells and tissues, including immune and inflammatory cells, airway epithelium, and airway smooth muscle (ASM). Of these, ASM is involved in altered airway contractility. A recent study demonstrated that GCs not only suppress inflammation but also exert direct effects on ASM gene expression which influence ASM function. GC resistance in the treatment of bronchial asthma remains a considerable clinical problem. Genes and cellular inflammatory phenotypes of glucocorticoid-resistant (GC-R) asthma have been revealed. Inflammation-associated protein kinase signaling and transcription factors affect GC actions through modulating GR function. Involvement of chromatin modifications have also been reported. Infection, reduced Vitamin D (Vit D), smoking, and obesity are preventable risk factors in GC-R asthma. Some of these recently available results are presented in this review.
Authors and Affiliations
Matsumura Yasuhiro
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP341842
- DOI 10.17352/2455-8141.000005
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Periocular Erythema and Eczema after Local Application of Calendula Officinalis in Pediatric Age
Calendula officinalis is a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Herbal preparations from Calendula have been used topically as a natural anti-inflammatory medicine and for the healing of wounds and leg ulcers. Altho...
Composition, Distribution, Fishing Activities, and Physico-Chemical Characteristics: The Case of Jemma and Wonchit Rivers, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
The distribution of fish species in Jemma and Wonchit Rivers was studied from November 2012 to May 2014 based on samples collected during wet and dry seasons using gillnets of 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 mm stretched mesh s...
Impact of Food Allergies on the Allergic Person’s Travel Decision, Trip Organization and Stay Abroad
This survey evaluated the impact of food allergy on the allergic person’s travel decision, trip organization and stay abroad. Hundred and two persons have participated. Results show that food allergy prevents 14% of resp...
A Commentary: Is Context an Important Consideration in Asthma?
Asthma is a well known and high impact global health problem [1]. It shares, along with other prevalent entities, a number of not insignificant difficulties in the delivery of health care needs for it’s control [2]. From...
Inhibition of Interleukin-4 Signalling in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Allergic Asthma
Atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma result from amplified immune response to environmental antigens, and allergic reactions from released IgE, histamine, leukotrienes and cytokines. Environmental antigens immune cells,...