Regulation of Mitochondrial Function and Energy Metabolism: A Primary Mechanism of Cytoprotection Provided by Carnosine
Journal Title: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Carnosine is a dipeptide abundantly found in different tissues. Several pharmacological properties have been attributed to carnosine. On the other hand, the precise mechanism of cytoprotection provided by carnosine remains obscure. The current study aimed to evaluate the direct effect of different concentrations of carnosine on cellular mitochondria as an essential target involved in cytoprotection or cytotoxicity. Liver mitochondria were isolated and exposed to carnosine (0.01-20 mM). Mitochondrial depolarization, dehydrogenases activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial swelling and permeability, and ATP content were assessed. On the other hand, the effect of carnosine supplementation on calcium (Ca2+) overload-induced mitochondrial injury was evaluated. It was found that concentrations between 0.01-20 mM of this peptide preserved mitochondrial indices of functionality in a Ca2+ overloaded environment. These data represent regulation of mitochondrial function as a primary mechanism for the protective properties of carnosine.
Authors and Affiliations
Reza Heidari, Vahid Ghanbarinejad, Akram Jamshidzadeh, Hossein Niknahad
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP358652
- DOI -
- Views 99
- Downloads 0
Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Chenodeoxycholic Acid: The Protective Effect of Taurine and Carnosine Supplementation
The cholestatic liver disease ensues with a hepatic accumulation of cytotoxic molecules. Several hydrophobic bile acids are known as cytotoxic agents accumulated in the liver during cholestasis. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CD...
Molecular Docking and Thermodynamic Studies of the Interactions between Aspirinate Complexes of Transition metals and Cyclooxygenase-2 Enzyme: Quantum Chemical Calculations based on the ONIOM method
In the present research, molecular docking and thermodynamic properties of the transition metal complexes of aspirin were calculated against Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme. Density functional theory with dispersion func...
Cost estimation related to drug waste in two major pediatric referral centers and one adult hospital in southern Iran: A comparative cross-sectional study
Children are a large group of patients receiving medications. Since pediatric dosage forms are generally not available, adult dosage forms have to be used for children instead, which leads to large amounts of drug wastag...
Isolation and identification of culturable aerobic halophilic archaea associated with salt crystals from Urmia Lake
Urmia Lake is one of the largest hypersaline lakes in the world. Water evaporation and saturation cause formation of lots of salt crystals on the lake beach. In this study, extremely halophilic strains were isolated from...
N-Phenyl Ureidobenzenesulfonate derivatives as novel anticancer agents: QSAR and Molecular docking studies
DNA double strand-breaks (DSBs) are the most deleterious lesions that can affect the genome of living beings and are lethal if not quickly and properly repaired. Recently, N-phenyl ureidobenzenesulfonates (PUB-SOs) as tu...