Relationship between Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose and Body Mass Index and Coexisting Prehypertension and Prediabetes among Rural Adults in Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2015, Vol 9, Issue 7
Abstract
The incidence of hypertension, diabetes and overweight-obese are emerging health problems, which are increasingly prevalent globally. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and the relationship between blood pressure, blood glucose and body mass index, and the tendency of developing prehypertension and pre-diabetes in rural adults in the Niger Delta region. A cross-sectional, population-based descriptive design was used. A total sample of 250 subjects aged 20 years and older, that had resided continually in the order of 10 years and above, in the oil and gas extraction environments, were recruited. While body mass index was calculated using internationally accepted standard methods, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose level were recorded also by standard methods, classified and correlated. One-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation analyses were used for comparisons between groups. Result showed that although blood pressure and blood glucose measurements increase with age, males had higher prevalence of high blood pressure and raised blood glucose compared with females (p<0.05). Both sexes had almost similar distribution of high body mass index which was not statistically significantly different (p>0.05). In total, overweight coexisted among 14% of participants with normal blood glucose, 19.6% pre-diabetes, 7.6% diabetes, 24% normotensive, 15.4% pre-hypertensive and 1.8% hypertensive. Pre-diabetes coexisted among 9.8% normotensive and pre-hypertensive respectively, while 0.2% normotensive, 5.6% pre-hypertensive, and 18.2% hypertensive had combined diabetes. About 16.4% had both combined diabetes and obesity, and hypertension and obesity. Overall, 19.5% had combined hypertension, obesity and diabetes. In total, the prevalence of obesity was 16.4%, hypertension 18.2%, and diabetes 24.0%. The prevalence of coexisting prehypertension and pre-diabetes, pre-non-communicable and main non-communicable diseases was 17.5%, 21.3%, and 23.7% respectively. Data analysis revealed positive and linear correlation and statistically significantly different (p<0.001) in the varying degree of complex association of blood pressure and blood glucose as well as body mass index. In conclusion, notwithstanding, this study provides baseline population based data establishing that the populations in the oil bearing communities are at high risk of developing hypertension, diabetes, and overweight-obese together with high prevalence of combination of pre-hypertension and pre-diabetes. The coexisting of significantly high prevalence of prehypertension and pre-diabetes with raised body mass index, in particular, have a more adverse effect by progression to full hypertension and diabetes. There is the need for national programme for prevention, control or delay the burden of the risk factors for non-communicable diseases for oil and gas bearing communities.
Authors and Affiliations
A. Nwafor, F. C. Mmom, O. Obia, C. Obiandu, V. O. Hart, B. C. Chinko
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP347930
- DOI 10.9734/BJMMR/2015/14777
- Views 92
- Downloads 0
Mechanical Ventilation in Neonates: Experience at a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Nepal
Aims: To study the diagnoses and survival of neonates receiving mechanical ventilation. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; B. P....
Traditional Bone Setters in Port Harcourt Nigeria: Perception, Patronage and Practice: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study
Background: Treatment of musculoskeletal disorders by Traditional Bone Setters (TBS) is as old as man’s effort at caring for his bone. In spite of the numerous limb-deforming and limb-threatening complications caused by...
Adding a New Anticoagulant or Antiplatelet Agent for Patient Receiving Aspirin after an Acute Coronary Syndrome?--Results from a Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials
Objectives: To synthesize the efficacy and safety outcomes from randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) regarding new oral anticoagulant, protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) antagonist, and warfarin adjunctive to aspirin f...
A Rapidly Progressing Native Coronary Artery to an Aneurysm Due to Distal Coronary to Ventricular Fistula- causing Anginal Chest Pain
Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare congenital or acquired coronary anomaly. Although the majority of patients with CAF are asymptomatic, many of them present with angina pectoris, atypical chest pain, palpitation, f...
Relationship between the Anterior Fontanel Size and Occipito-frontal Circumference
Aims: To determine the relationship between Anterior Fontanel size (AF) and the Occipito-frontal circumference (OFC). Study Design: A cross sectional and analytical study of Nigerian newborns and infants. Place and Dur...