Relationship between Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases: A Review
Journal Title: International Journal of Research and Review - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 11
Abstract
The potential impact on the periodontium of many systemic diseases have been well documented, much less is known about the consequences of diseased periodontium on systemic status. Periodontal medicine is a rapidly emerging branch of periodontology, based on abundance of evidence establishing a strong relationship between periodontal health or disease and systemic health or disease. Research has established that periodontal infection is a probable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. Many studies also suggest that periodontitis may also contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes, diabetes, respiratory diseases and other conditions. The anatomic closeness of this micro-flora to the blood stream can facilitate bacteremia and systemic spread of bacterial products, components and immune complexes. The findings from cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies are supported by in vitro and animal studies describing the plausible mechanism linking periodontal infection to development of atherosclerotic diseases, to the triggering of clinical coronary events or to both. It is possible that periodontal infection may serve as initiator or propagators of insulin resistance in a way similar to obesity, thereby aggravating glycemic control. Based upon the criteria that have been used to establish risk, data from animal and human studies support the biological plausibility that untreated moderate to severe periodontitis may increase the risk for adverse pregnancy outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Kamal Kishor Mankar
Keywords
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