RELIGIOSITY AND TOLERANCE IN MENA COUNTRIES: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS
Journal Title: European Journal of Business and Social Sciences - Year 2016, Vol 4, Issue 12
Abstract
Tolerance is an awareness of the diversity of race, religion, language, life styles, choices, and values and accepting these natural diversities of human beings. The concept of tolerance is an essential component of modern society and democracy. The present study investigates the effects of religiosity and various socioeconomic variables on nine different tolerance topics for Middle Eastern and Northern African (MENA) countries using the latest Worlds Values Survey (WVS) database. A polychoric principal component analysis was employed on tolerance variables to reduce dimensionality. Using two deduced tolerance components, a multilevel analysis was performed. The findings reveal that religiosity has a negative effect on social tolerance; however, it has no convincing effect on racial and religious tolerance. In contrast, the education level of an individual has no effect on social tolerance, while education has a positive effect on racial and religious tolerance.
Authors and Affiliations
Özlem Yorulmaz| Istanbul University Faculty of Economics, Department of Econometrics Istanbul, Turkey E-mail: yorulmaz@istanbul.edu.tr Tel:+90 212 440 00 00-11660
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