РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЯ МАСОВОЇ РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ В ЗАГАЛЬНИХ КОМУНІКАТИВНИХ МОДЕЛЯХ
Journal Title: Гуманітарний часопис - Year 2016, Vol 1, Issue 4
Abstract
Petrushkevych Maria REPRESENTATION OF RELIGIOUS MASS COMMUNICATION IN GENERAL COMMUNICATION MODELS Religious communication is constructed under the influence of popular culture and has all the problems of mass media: manipulative character, stereotypes, mass consciousness, the desire to construct their own world, etc. It organically fits into the system of mass communication. Models of religious mass communication focus on a particular aspect of the communication process, determine its properties and functions. Simulation of communication requires involvement of a broad social, cultural and philosophical context, suitable to the analysis of religious communication. The bases of religious communication are categories which are marked as vitally important (faith, hope, love, salvation and ethical meanings). God is always one of the subjects of religious communication. That is why this type of communication preferably has the potency to suggestion and persuasion. The task of the article is to characterize the overall communication model and demonstrate how they are implemented in mass religious communication. Designing the model of religious communication requires analysis of already recognized and influential graphic patterns that took shape under the influence of active development of mass communication in the second half of the 20th century. Religious press, radio, television and the Internet are united under the effect of mass communication, which consists of insistent but gentle and incessant reminder of basic tenets and religious categories, canons by which the believer interprets the surrounding reality. This is a permanent sense of divine presence in profane things, and therefore the justification of these things, including his affection to them. In the context of radio it should be said about the reception models, the essence of which is that quality and specificity of a particular communicative process depend on encoding and decoding information. Television communication is mainly characterized by demonstration, attention attraction and media influence models. Abraham Moles’s model is typical for the Internet communication. It develops the concept of cultural mosaic that enters the semantic field of digital communications. Thus, religious mass communication can be described through the following models: transactional ones (taking into account the psychological composition of communication participants); personal impact; a circular model by W. Schramm and Ch. E. Osgood; an expectancy-value model by J. D. Rayburn and Ph. Palmgreen (in the case of religious communication, expectations are very high because of higher power, God’s presence; such communication is acting in the plane of the eternal moral values); A. Tudor’s model (with socio-cultural component as the basis); a ritual model of communication by James W. Carey; Lotman’s semiotic model; John and Matilda Riley’s communication model; Kurt Levin’s model (with the concept of gatekeeper); a model of expended experience by Abraham Moles; reception models, etc. In addition, the generalized model of mass religious communication relies on the linear model by C. Shannon and W. Weaver. There are communication models in which authors use categories that can be of interest to religious communication. One of such models is that of the Ukrainian scientist V. Vladimirov, in which the subject of communication is chaos. To sum up, the mechanisms of functioning religious communication in mass society are complex and ambiguous, so it can be quite difficult to simulate the process of such communication. Among the existing models it is impossible to determine the dominant one or the model that will be able to answer all the questions of mass communication.
Authors and Affiliations
Марія Петрушкевич
Keywords
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