Right to Social Security in Human Rights Instruments and in International Labor Organization (with a glance at some Islamic Countries Practices)
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2011, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
The right to Social Security is one of the rights which appears in two important instruments of human rights—that is, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The devotion of a separate article to right of Social Security in these two universal instruments indicates that this right is essential in the views the framers of the Declaration as well as international convention. Despite the emphasis put by the Declaration on international cooperation for implementing this right, unfortunately the appropriate action has not been taken yet in international scale. The low tendency to Social Security must be related to the economic problems surrounding this right. The low tendency to Social Security can also be seen in the regional instruments of human rights. These instruments have not mentioned the term “social security” independently; just there are general indications in some famous conventions of International Labor Origination (ILO). Of course in some special protocols prepared on specific issues by regional originations, Social Security has been discussed which is not convincing at all. If regional originations had been serious about implementation of Social Security as a human right, they should have referred to it in the original and mother text. form of governance that administers public affairs and resources with utmost transparency and attention to different dimensions of human rights, as civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. چکیده حق تأمین اجتماعی از جمله حقوقی است که در دو سند مهم و مادر حقوق بشر یعنی اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر و میثاق‌نامه حقوق اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی گنجانده شده است. اختصاص ماده جداگانه به حق تأمین اجتماعی در‌این دو سند جهانی، حاوی اهمیت‌این حق از منظر تدوین‌کنندگان و عرف بین‌الملل می‌باشد. با وجودی که در اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر بر همکاری بین‌المللی برای تحقق آن بسیار تأکید شده است، اما متأسفانه در سطح بین‌الملل هنوز اقدامی‌‌که شایسته و در خور توجه باشد، صورت نگرفته است. باید دلیل‌این کم اقبالی را ناشی از مسائل اقتصادی که پیرامون‌این حق وجود دارد، عنوان کرد. عدم استقبال از حق تأمین اجتماعی در اسناد حقوق بشر منطقه‌ای هم به چشم می‌خورد. در‌این اسناد هم به هیچ وجه از واژه تأمین اجتماعی به طور مستقل استفاده نکرده و فقط برخی مفاد مقاوله‌نامه مشهور سازمان بین‌المللی کار در مورد تأمین اجتماعی کلی‌گویی شده است. البته در برخی از پروتکل‌هایی که با موضوع خاص از طرف سازمان‌های منطقه‌ای تدوین شده‌اند، از حق تأمین اجتماعی صحبت شده است که به هیچ وجه نمی‌توانند قانع کننده باشند. اگر سازمان‌های منطقه‌ای در عزم خود بر اجرای تأمین اجتماعی به مثابه یک حق بشری استوار بودند، باید در متن اصلی و مادر به این حق اشاره می‌کردند.
Authors and Affiliations
Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini Almoosavi
Keywords
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