RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN RURAL NIGERIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY AND A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE
Journal Title: INNOVATIVE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCE - Year 2019, Vol 9, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Over 80% of cardiovascular deaths take place in low and middle incomecountries. These cardiovascular deaths are caused by modifiable risk factors. Evidenceis emerging that some of these factors maybe even more prevalent in rural areas whichare generally underserved.Aim: The aim of this study was to record risk factors for cardiovascular disease inrural communities in south southern Nigeria and review some related literature.Methods: A cross sectional study during clinical outreach activities that took placein 2016 to 2018 in several rural and few urban communities in Cross River State,Nigeria. Participating individuals gave full consent and ethical clearance obtained.Socio-demographic data, Anthropometric data and Blood sugar measurements wereobtained. Data extracted was transferred into EXCEL thereafter analysis was doneusing SPSS version 21. p values less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant.Tests of significance included Anova, chi square and student t- tests.Results: Total population investigated over the 3 year period was 504. (2016-33.1%),(2017 -37.9%), (2018 – 28%) with a Female: Male distribution of 1:1.Most participants tended to be overweight across the years 59.7%, 59.1%, 73.7%,2016, 2017, and 2018 respectively. The prevalence of Hypertension was 10.71%. Nosignificant gender difference in the prevalence of Hypertension (6.94% males to 3.77%females, p=0.097). The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was 10.67%. There was nosignificant gender prevalence (6.67% males to 4.00% females, p =0.431)Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease remains relatively uncommon in Sub-SaharanAfrica, despite an increasing prevalence of risk factors, but it’s incidence is rising.Steps should be taken in Sub-Saharan Africa to prevent an epidemic. This involvesdetailed and regular screening for cardiovascular risk factors in rural communities.Key words: RISK FACTORS, Cardio vascular disease, South South Nigeria.
Authors and Affiliations
Nchiewe E. Ani, Edoise M. Isiwele,Andrew E. Ekpenyong,Emmanuel E. Ekanem, Anthonia A. Ikpeme*
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP558936
- DOI 10.15520/ijmhs.v9i4.2533
- Views 65
- Downloads 0
Familial diabetes suggests mitochondrial disease
In a recent, interesting article, Agarwal et al. report about a 62yo male with familial diabetes and a syncope due to familial AV-block-III [1] . We have the following comments and concerns.
RESEARCH PAPER ASSESSMENT OF SPIROMETRIC VALUES IN OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
Purpose:Life expectancy in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) can vary depending on the degree of compromise, and can lead to death in childhood or even at birth in severe cases. In the literature, the mo...
Is there any effect of blood oxygen level on nail biting?
To correlate pulse rate with nail biting is the aim of current research. 200 subjects took part in current research, where their blood oxygen level calculated. The normal blood oxygen level was between 80 to 100 millimet...
Case report:Juvenile Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: classical wine glass sign on MRI
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig disease, is a chronic degenerative neurologic disease and is characterized by the selective involvement of the motor system. Usually patients present with upp...
Didactic Strategies Used By Department Heads with the Nursing Staff That Have Worked Best for Patient Safety.
Aim: The aim of the study was to recognize the didactic strategies used by department heads with the nursing staff that have worked best for patient safety.Methods: This is a qualitative content analysis study. Data were...