Role of FNAC in Thyroid Diseases

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Role of FNAC in Thyroid Diseases

Journal Title: International Journal of Health Sciences and Research - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 6

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of this study were: 1] To determine the utility and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC of thyroid lesions performed at our institute. 2] To compare it with the values obtained from similar studies performed internationally. Study design: A prospective study of FNAC of thyroid lesions performed on patients in the pathology department of our institute, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery at B.D.B.A who later underwent thyroid surgery in our institute between January 2011 to August 2012. Methods: A total of 51 patients underwent FNAC followed by thyroid surgery subsequently. Results of FNAC were compared to the final HP diagnosis. FNAC on all these patients was performed by experienced cytologists. The procedure was performed without local anesthesia using 23-25 gauge needles. Coagulation screening was not routinely done unless there was a pre-existing risk of bleeding. The procedure was well tolerated with no significant complication. Both air dried and wet fixed smears (fixed in 95% alcohol for 30 minutes) were made from the aspirated material and stained with May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) and Haematoxlyn and Eosin (H & E) stains respectively and examined under a light microscope. Results: Our study showed that thyroid nodules were 6.2 times more common in females than males. The false negative rate was 3.9% in cases of neoplastic lesions. The false positive rate was 13.3% for neoplastic lesions but none of these lesions were malignant. Sensitivity and accuracy of FNAC for detection of neoplasm in our study were 75% and 96.07%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FNAC for solitary thyroid nodules were 75%, 100%, and 96.07%, respectively, in our study. In our study, sensitivity and specificity are found to be 75% and 100%. Conclusion: We conclude that FNAC diagnosis of malignancy is highly accurate in 96.07% of the cases. A benign FNAC should be viewed with caution as false negative results do occur (3.9%) and these patients should be followed up and any clinical suspicion of malignancy even in the presence of benign FNAC requires surge

Authors and Affiliations

Dr. Mitul C. Bhat

Keywords

Thyroid FNAC

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