“Role of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) for Geologycal, Hydro-Geophysical investigation for sitting water well : A case study of UKE, East Wollega Zone, Western part of Ethiopia”
Journal Title: Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries - Year 2017, Vol 20, Issue 20
Abstract
Groundwater is precious resource for life growth and development of country. Hence, reliance on the groundwater has increased greatly. This research was conducted in the Uke town, East Wollega zone, western part of Ethiopia. The study catchment is a watershed area drained by a small stream that joins Anger river from southern direction. The topographic variation in the study catchment ranges from 1287 to about 1337m. The occurrence of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the study area and this includes fine grained sandstone which is variably exposed in stream cut and at the bank of Anger river. Bedding structures that reaches as thick as 25cm are observed on the sandstone, however, thinly bedded with evident lamellae are abundantly exposed at the bank of Anger river. The regional stratigraphic sequence suggests that the Paleozoic sandstone overlays the eroded surface of Precambrian basement rocks. The major hydro geologic unit in the study area is the sandstone rock which covers the major portion of the study area. The sandstone is subjected to fracturing, jointing and local faulting processes.This paper presents the results of geological, hydro-geophysical investigation carried out over the study area and the objective of this study for sitting water well in water bearing horizon, correct location, depth of aquifer well, and good discharge rate. This is possible by a systematic exploration of groundwater using by different scientific tools and also using geological, hydro geological and geophysical methods provides valuable information with respect to distribution, thickness, and depth of groundwater bearing formation zones. In this research, using in geophysical methods, only Vertical Electrical sounding (VES), because it is low cost and relatively high reliable accuracy in results. Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) survey was carried out by using the symmetrical Schlumberger expanding spread. In this method, the resistivity measurements were taken by progressively increasing the Potential Electrode (MN) along with a relatively large increment of the Current Electrode (AB/2). The Potential Electrode (MN) separation ranges from 1m to 90m whereas; the Current Electrode Separation (AB/2) of 500m was stretched to achieve maximum depth of penetration. Signal Average System Terra meter300C was used for the resistivity measurement of resistivity survey. Like the model for VES1 the model for VES2 also represented 5 geo electric layers. The first layer has resistivity value of about 27Ωm. and this represents dry silty alluvial soil with thickness nearly 2meter. The second layer with significantly reduced resistivity value of about 16Ωm can possibly be interpreted to be sandy to silty soil of thickness nearly 10m. This succession gradually grades to fractured sandstone bedrock as it is manifested by relative increment of resistivity value to about 640Ωm. The study area, the major identified potential aquifers are the fractured bedrock, it comprises fractured, jointed and bedded sandstone. Groundwater Potential sites (proposed well sites) are selected based on converging evidences of litho logy and structures.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Shayaq Ali, Gaddissa Deyassa
Keywords
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