Science and War Through the Ages
Journal Title: Drug Designing & Intellectual Properties International Journal - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue 4
Abstract
In all animal species competition between individuals is presented to obtain mainly food and reproduction; When there are not enough satisfiers, there are disputes that usually stop when there is a winner, without individuals dying. The defeated one retires, and the winner is satisfied with the victory and, eventually, with the dominion over the rest of the group, which implies that he will eat and mate before the others. So far, animals do not have too much trouble. But the human is a very special animal, because he has a memory. Remembering the past allows you to anticipate the future; the loser analyzes the reasons that made his opponent win and plans how to win in the next match. The winner does the same to strengthen their strengths, overcome the weak and anticipate the actions of the opponent, exactly as in a game of chess. It then presents the convenience of killing the loser, in order to avoid his rematch and let future challengers know what to expect. When it is evident that a combat between individuals anticipates a defeat, it is sought to go for reinforcements thus forming the first armies, often initiated by groups of losers who seek to defeat the former winner. And so, a chain is generated. In a short time, human beings begin to wage war not because the species is more violent, but because it is more intelligent. Precisely, knowledge is constructed from remembering, analyzing, anticipating and reproducing, in such a way that the human being builds his knowledge in charitable matters and in others that are rather negative [1]. Fights with fists, teeth and nails, could hardly provoke death; they were limited, if anything, to mutilations. But the memories combined with foresight, allowed the development of different kinds of weapons, from the most rudimentary as the stones attached to ropes, to spears and arrows with stone tips. Up to here it was an ingenious use of what nature put at hand and we can even ask ourselves if that rudimentary (in appearance) knowledge of physics (two bodies cannot occupy the same space, parabolic shot, for example) was developed as an offensive-defensive means against its peers or if it did so as an auxiliary mechanism to obtain sustenance, that is, to help in the hunt; It is very difficult to establish if these weapons were generated by the need for food or the need to show the tribe who was the boss, without a doubt. It is very possible that it was for both reasons, simultaneously, but the indisputable fact is that the development of science was linked to war from its inception [2,3]. Thus, the incipient development of metallurgy allowed to replace the old stone and the fragile trunk by bronze armament (around 160 BC), much harder and more resistant.
Authors and Affiliations
Benjamín Ruiz Loyola
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP588784
- DOI 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000142
- Views 143
- Downloads 0
Antioxidant Properties and Antibacterial Activities of Leptadenia Hastata Leaves Extracts on Staphylococcus Aureus
Leptadenia hastata extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity and antioxidant properties. The leaf of the plant was extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and...
On the Second Harmonic Index of Titania Nanotubes
Topological indices which are graph invariants derived from molecular graphs of molecules are used in QSPR researches for modeling physicochemical properties of molecules. Topological indices are important tools for dete...
From Merck's CCK- Antagonists Via 4-Amino-2(5H)- Furanones towards 5-Hydroxy-Pyrrol-2-Ones: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of PNB-001 & PNB-081 as Experimental Therapeutic Agents in Pain Management
Arylated 5-hydroxy-pyrrol-2-ones were prepared in 2 synthetic steps from muco-chloric acid and were optimised as CCK / CCK2 selective ligands using radio labelled binding assays. A potent CCK selective ligand was identif...
Secret Sonic Weapons’ War Lead to Carcinogenesis
State Department evacuates a number of Americans from the US consulate in Guangzhou, China after they experienced unexplained health issues. A group of US diplomats stationed in China have been brought back to the states...
Nutrigenomics: Opportunities and Challenges in Bangladesh
The Authors of this article has been working on ethnopharmacology and natural product science for the last one decade. They have been involved with several ethnic and traditional medication system development projects an...