Security Challenges: Appraisal of Threats to Nigeria’s Sovereignty in the Fourth Republic (1999-2019)
Journal Title: WUKARI INTERNATIONAL STUDIES JOURNAL - Year 2023, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Peace and security asprimacy of sovereign states is crucial forharmonious human relations and economic development. In the recent past, insecurity has been the greatest challenge to Nigeria‟s corporate existence as a sovereign state.Ironically, these challenges are not externally propelled rather, they areinternally impelled byinter-ethnic conflict, religious insurrection, electoral violence, banditry, kidnapping, ritualism, pipeline vandalism, separatists‟ agitation, and farmers[1]herders crises among many others.These generate insecurity in the polity to the boiling point of fractured and failed state.The objective of the study, therefore, is to investigate the nexus between internally induced insecurity and failed stateposture experienced in the Nigeria‟s Fourth Republic. Theoretical framework adopted for the analysis is State Fragility-cum-Elite Theory. The study adopted qualitative research methods in which secondary data are employed for analysis. The study identifies poor intelligence information gathering and usage by security agents, militarization of civil society, poor harmonizationof resources for development, inadequate knowledge onmodern state system management, poormaintenance of balance between competing interests/values, liberalization of military industrial complex, poor judgement of emerging political issues and inability of state/government to live up toexpectations as causes of security challenges. The study recommends good governance and unadulterated fiscal federalism, free and fair elections; discourage culture of impunity, proactiveresponse to intelligence information gathering/usage; and non[1]politicization of unfolding socio-political issues. The study concludes that emergence of popularly elected action-centered or functional leadershipwith good economic development blueprintand national integration strategies can reduce identified insecurity issues.
Authors and Affiliations
Olanrewaju Rafiu Memud, Solomon A. Ojo
Keywords
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