Segmental Neurofibromatosis: Two Moroccan Cases
Journal Title: Surgery & Case Studies: Open Access Journal - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 4
Abstract
Segmental neurofibromatosis (SN) or type V Neurofibromatosis is a genodermatos most often characterized by the presence of neurofibromas, more rarely café au lait spots, and sometimes lentigines limited to a limited body region. We report two Moroccan cases of true Segmental Neurofibromatosis with only pigmented lesions. Observation N 1: A 10-year-old boy, with no family history of Neurofibromatosis (NF), who has had numerous café-au-lait spots and lentigines at the left lumbar region since the age of 2. No ophthalmologic and neurological symptoms of neurofibromatosis were diagnosed. The diagnosis of segmental neurofibromatosis (NF-5) has therefore been established. Observation N2: A 35-year-old woman with no concept of consanguinity, followed in neurology for a multiple sclerosis under treatment presented with a 25-year history of coffee-milk spots and lentigines at the right lumbar region. Comments: The term segmental neurofibromatosis was introduced by Miller and Sparkes in 1977 [1-2]. Segmental NF1 is caused by somatic mosaicism due to a postzygotic mutation in the NF1 gene. This results in some cells containing two normal NF1 genes and other cells having a mutation in one copy of the NF1 gene [3]. Due to the multiplicity of clinical manifestations of NF, Riccardi ranked NF in eight categories in 1982. Type V was reserved for the NS [4-2]. In 1987, [5] Have classified the NS in four variants: true segmental, Localized with deep evolution, hereditary and bilateral. Both of our patients had a true NS. The most common clinical manifestation of NS is: neurofibromas, and less frequently, coffee-au-lait spots.Clinically, patients can be divided into four groups: NS with only pigmented lesions, NS with only neurofibromas, NS with pigmented lesions and neurofibromas, and NS with isolated plexiform neurofibromas [1,2,4]. Our patients have only pigmented lesions. Systemic involvement in NS is rare, except in patients with plexiform neurofibromas. NF I and NS may be associated with malignant tumors such as peripheral nerve sheath tumor, melanoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma [6] (Figures 1 & 2).
Authors and Affiliations
El Anzi Ouiam, Maouni Safae, Sqalli Asmae, Meziane Mariam, Hassam Badredine
Keywords
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- EP ID EP638409
- DOI 10.32474/SCSOAJ.2018.01.000119
- Views 61
- Downloads 0
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