Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Children
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
Abstract: Hepatitis A is one of the most common cause of hepatitis in paediatric age group and the most common cause of Fulminant Hepatic Failure (FHF) in children in India. Hepatitis A is a water born disease and its seroprevalence reflect the status of water sanitation & hygiene. High endemicity obviates the need for vaccine in the community but it is required as individual immunization. We studied 116 children in Outdoor Patient Department to know the seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) total Antibodies and effect of various demographic and water sanitation variables on it. Study includes children attending Pediatric outpatient department with minor problems in medical college hospital. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional, sero-epidemiologic investigational study. Blood sample of randomly selected children was collected and Competitive ELISA test was done for detection of total (both IgM and IgG) anti HAV antibody using commercial available ELISA kit. The statistical analysis was performed by chi-squared test using Epi Info software 3.5.4.Version 2012. Seroprevalence in Children from upper social class was 54.5% Vs 87.2% in lower social class (p=0.00075). Among children from rural background 90.9% were seropositive Vs 77.1 % among urban children. Mother’s education above and below secondary level had a seropositivity for HAV in children up to 69.23% and 87.1% respectively. Method of water treatment using Boiled water, Mechanical filtration, filtration plus UV treatment and no treatment had a seropositivity of 50.0% , 83.33% , 37.5% and 84 % respectively(p= 0.0036 ). Seropositivity was highest in water source using Municipal bore well pipeline88.88% followed by municipal dam water through pipeline79.16% and personal bore well 68.16% (p= 0.026). In conclusion, children of this geographical area have high seroprevalence for HAV antibodies at younger age with a significant difference between social classes and water source and treatment methods. Very high seroprevalence at a younger age is observed. Water sanitation needs to be improved and immunization in low seroprevalence group children should be recommended. Keywords: Hepatitis A virus, Seroprevalence, Water sanitation
Authors and Affiliations
Verma Yogendra S, Rajput Satendra S, Rajput Neelam
Study of fetal and neonatal outcome in meconium stained amniotic fluid in low risk parturient
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to know the fetal heart rate pattern, timing and mode of delivery in meconium stained amniotic fluid and to study the fetal and early neonatal outcome in meconium stained amniotic f...
An Unusual Case of Giant Myxoid and Round Cell Liposarcoma of the Tight: Case Report and Literature Review
Liposarcomas represent the second most frequent soft tissue sarcoma in adults. Their diagnosis can be delayed because of the silent evolution of those malignant tumors, and their nonspecific symptoms make them even more...
To Compare the Results of Ultrasound Guided Aspiration and Incision and Drainage in the Management of Breast Abscess
Abstract: Breast abscess is less common in developed countries due to improved puerperal hygiene, nutrition, early administration of antibiotics and standard of living, breast abscess remains a morbid condition among lac...
Vascular Mapping before Haemodialysis Access in CRF Patients and Evaluation of AVF Maturation by Doppler Ultrasound
Abstract: This prospective hospital based study was undertaken to reckon the value of ultrasound in preoperative vascular mapping for AVF placement and in postoperative follow-up to evaluate its maturity and complication...
Evaluation of serum Adiponectin and lipid fractions in newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients
Abstract:Thyroid abnormalities are accompanied by changes in intermediary metabolism including alteration in body weight, insulin resistance, lipid profile. Changes in adiponectin have been reported in patients with thyr...