Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Children
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
Abstract: Hepatitis A is one of the most common cause of hepatitis in paediatric age group and the most common cause of Fulminant Hepatic Failure (FHF) in children in India. Hepatitis A is a water born disease and its seroprevalence reflect the status of water sanitation & hygiene. High endemicity obviates the need for vaccine in the community but it is required as individual immunization. We studied 116 children in Outdoor Patient Department to know the seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) total Antibodies and effect of various demographic and water sanitation variables on it. Study includes children attending Pediatric outpatient department with minor problems in medical college hospital. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional, sero-epidemiologic investigational study. Blood sample of randomly selected children was collected and Competitive ELISA test was done for detection of total (both IgM and IgG) anti HAV antibody using commercial available ELISA kit. The statistical analysis was performed by chi-squared test using Epi Info software 3.5.4.Version 2012. Seroprevalence in Children from upper social class was 54.5% Vs 87.2% in lower social class (p=0.00075). Among children from rural background 90.9% were seropositive Vs 77.1 % among urban children. Mother’s education above and below secondary level had a seropositivity for HAV in children up to 69.23% and 87.1% respectively. Method of water treatment using Boiled water, Mechanical filtration, filtration plus UV treatment and no treatment had a seropositivity of 50.0% , 83.33% , 37.5% and 84 % respectively(p= 0.0036 ). Seropositivity was highest in water source using Municipal bore well pipeline88.88% followed by municipal dam water through pipeline79.16% and personal bore well 68.16% (p= 0.026). In conclusion, children of this geographical area have high seroprevalence for HAV antibodies at younger age with a significant difference between social classes and water source and treatment methods. Very high seroprevalence at a younger age is observed. Water sanitation needs to be improved and immunization in low seroprevalence group children should be recommended. Keywords: Hepatitis A virus, Seroprevalence, Water sanitation
Authors and Affiliations
Verma Yogendra S, Rajput Satendra S, Rajput Neelam
Keywords
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