СИСТЕМОУТВОРЮВАЛЬНІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ СТРУКТУРИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО АПАРАТУ ЯМАТО, ЗАФІКСОВАНІ В КОДЕКСІ ЗАКОНІВ «ТАЙХОРЬО» (702–718 рр.)
Journal Title: Гуманітарний часопис - Year 2015, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Mostipan Oleksandr SYSTEMIC ELEMENTS OF STRUCTURE THE STATE BODIES OF YAMATO DEFINED IN SET OF LAWS "TAYHORO" (702-718) There is a research the special features of polity and administrative governance in Yamato with o help of analysis of Set of laws «Tayhoro» (702-718). The research of Japanese political thought is complicated because Ukrainian scientists in most cases does not know Japanese language. The goal of this article is to pay attention of Ukrainian scientists and other interested people at the interesting, problematic and wide area for possible and necessary researches. We hope that systematic, quit and purposeful work in this direction may create new perspectives of interaction between Ukrainian and Japanese political thought. Some results of such cooperation already were achieved in Ukrainian and Japanese history of XX-XXI centuries. This conclusion was made after systematic analyzing of bibliography in National Library of Ukraine Vernadsky. Nevertheless the author of this article does not know about existing of special educational courses of lectures and practical training devoted to Japanese political, religion or philosophic thought. So we decided to try to fill this gap even if only in one aspect now. This field of research is waiting for attention of Ukrainian scientists. The clauses of laws in first part of «Tayhoro» define the structure of bureaucratic machinery of state. De facto, we see the fixed Table of ranks that is indispensible attribute of state management. Definite post corresponds with each rank. This directly means that person should have a rank to occupy a post. In some cases, especially for high ranks, a person could have a rank without a post. The peculiarity of Japanese state system is existing the power of emperor, but this power in traditional European interpretation does not correspond to essence and spirit of monarchical ruling system. The power of emperor in accordance to «Tayhoro» put in state system as one part, and its authority and internal hierarchy is stritly regulated. Competition for power within ruling elite was clear regulated in law, and the mechanism of power transmission was beyond doubts. Such order of things promoted for stable functioning the institution of emperors powerduring all written history of Japan. The history of emperors power in Japan – is the history of close interaction between emperor, as a symbol of state power, and competing with each other feudal elites. These elites wished to be as closer as possible to symbolic authority and sacral sanctity which traditionally associated personally with emperor. The logic of such cooperation reflected in administrative system: the executive branch of power in emperor’s system of power was traditionally occupied by a chief of most influential feudal clan. The power of emperor had never been independent in most cases, but feudal clans influenced it directly. The institution of emperor’s power by itself has feudal roots in Japan. This conclusion flows from historical chronicles which glorify the emperor’s family, emperor’s power, and lay foundation for legitimacy of emperor’s power using a method accentuating of its divine origin. Structured and vertically hierarchical Japanese society inherently required clear definite social roles, incomes, procedures for holding posts, criterions for applicants. This order of things made possibilities for predicting the future, controlling oncoming events, created a feeling of certainty about yourself and your family, deliverance from excessive aspirations and illusion in traditional feudal society. Definite in advance, clear issued format of interrelations that was seen as proper and desired by almost all social groups, laid the foundation of harmonious relations in society. This conclusion was made on the basis of analysis the source that was written by members of political elite which was interested in conservation such order of things and legitimation of its power.
Authors and Affiliations
Олександр Мостіпан
Keywords
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