Spatial assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Sediments of Kodaikanal Lake, Tamil Nadu, India
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Lake sediments, as basic components of our environment; provide food stuff for living organisms. They also serve as a sink and reservoir for a variety of environmental contaminants. Namely when released into aquatic environment, many anthropogenic chemicals bind (or) adsorb on to particulate matter. Study on the geochemistry of lake sediments in the present area has not been undertaken by previous worker so far. In this article potential environmental risks associated with in the Kodaikanal Lake by quantifying the pollution in sediments. Concentrations of heavy metals in the lake sediments reached with the average values of 105228 mg/kg for Fe, 1402 mg/kg for Co, 451 mg/kg for Cr, 348 mg/kg for 115 mg/kg for Ni, 112 mg/kg for Zn, 67 mg/kg for Cd, 54 mg/kg for Cu and 44 mg/kg for Pb. The enrichment factor (Ef), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Contamination factor (Cf) for these metals were indicative of no to extremely sever enrichment, heavily to extremely high contaminationand low contamination to Considerable contamination, respectively. Contamination degree and pollution load index of the samples indicates that they were very high contamination degree with polluted nature. Anthropogenic activities inthe proximity of the Kodaikanal town exhibited high Igeo and EF values. Results of integrated indices of Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb in lake sediments indicated that the sediment qualities are contaminated as a whole and warranted an instantaneous remediation action for the Kodaikanal Lake.
Authors and Affiliations
P Balamurugan, S Vasudevan, R. K Singhal, T Ramkumar, R. Selvaganapathi, C. V. Nishikanth
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP20237
- DOI -
- Views 298
- Downloads 4
Optimum Modulation Index Selection in Multilevel Inverter Using Selective Harmonic Elimination
In this project, a multilevel inverter was designed and implemented to operate a stand-alone solar photovoltaic system. The proposed system uses selective harmonics elimination pulse-width modulation (PWM) in the multil...
Designing Logistics information System: Theoretical Background and Literature Review
Logistics is the system of people and things that are involved in getting a product from the place where it is made to the person who buys it. Information system is an interactive structure of people, equipment, methods...
Design of Solar Photovoltaic DC Water Pumping System Using MPPT
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems are having growing importance in present era of our power system due to its nonpolluting, less maintenance, and free fuel characteristics. Photovoltaic systems are comprised of photovoltai...
Review on Fully Integrated Power Amplifiers Using CMOS Technology
power amplifiers are generally used to drive the antennas in a transmitter system. Being the last block in a system like this, it increases the power of the signal, thus making it easier for the antenna to transmit over...
Analysis of Multicylinder Petrol Engine Intake Manifold Flow using CFD
Multicylinder engines are most widely used in high sector cars so as to get comfort. The power balancing of multicylinder engines are very high but the fuel efficiency is not in the expected range. This is due to the lo...