Spatial assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Sediments of Kodaikanal Lake, Tamil Nadu, India
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Lake sediments, as basic components of our environment; provide food stuff for living organisms. They also serve as a sink and reservoir for a variety of environmental contaminants. Namely when released into aquatic environment, many anthropogenic chemicals bind (or) adsorb on to particulate matter. Study on the geochemistry of lake sediments in the present area has not been undertaken by previous worker so far. In this article potential environmental risks associated with in the Kodaikanal Lake by quantifying the pollution in sediments. Concentrations of heavy metals in the lake sediments reached with the average values of 105228 mg/kg for Fe, 1402 mg/kg for Co, 451 mg/kg for Cr, 348 mg/kg for 115 mg/kg for Ni, 112 mg/kg for Zn, 67 mg/kg for Cd, 54 mg/kg for Cu and 44 mg/kg for Pb. The enrichment factor (Ef), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Contamination factor (Cf) for these metals were indicative of no to extremely sever enrichment, heavily to extremely high contaminationand low contamination to Considerable contamination, respectively. Contamination degree and pollution load index of the samples indicates that they were very high contamination degree with polluted nature. Anthropogenic activities inthe proximity of the Kodaikanal town exhibited high Igeo and EF values. Results of integrated indices of Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb in lake sediments indicated that the sediment qualities are contaminated as a whole and warranted an instantaneous remediation action for the Kodaikanal Lake.
Authors and Affiliations
P Balamurugan, S Vasudevan, R. K Singhal, T Ramkumar, R. Selvaganapathi, C. V. Nishikanth
Keywords
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