Study of etiological spectrum of acute viral hepatitis and prevalence of hepatotropic viruses (A, B, C, D and E) in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 10
Abstract
Background: Acute viral hepatitis is a global public health problem, particularly in resource-poor countries. India is known to have a large burden of viral hepatitis. Almost all cases of acute viral hepatitis (AVH) are caused by one of the five viral agents: hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), the HBV-associated delta agent or hepatitis D virus (HDV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV). Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to know the etiological spectrum of AVH, prevalence of hepatotropic viruses and their co-infections in AVH patients. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted during October 2015 to September 2016 in VRDL, ICMR, Department of Microbiology, RIMS, Ranchi. One hundred and eighty three (183) blood samples were taken from patients presented with clinical sign and symptoms of acute viral hepatitis, serum separated and tested for anti-HAV IgM, anti-HEV IgM by ELISA commercial kit and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV total antibodies (Anti-HCV), by 3rd generation CMIA. HBsAg reactive samples were again tested for Anti-HDV IgM by ELISA commercial kit. Data was collected in excel sheets and analysed by SPSS software. Results: The viral aetiology was confirmed in 56.83% of the suspected AVH cases. The prevalence of HAV was higher in children (48%) as compared to adults (9.18%) and the prevalence of HEV was higher in adults (44.89%) as compared to children (4.71%). The prevalence of HBV and HCV in adults were 5.26% and 1.02% respectively. None of the childen was positive for HBV and HCV. Maximum number of hepatitis A cases were seen among 0-10 years aged (70 %) followed by 11 -20 years aged (26 %). None of the case of hepatitis A was found in patients older than 30 years of age. Infection with more than 1 virus (co-infection) was detected in 3 cases. HAV and HEV co-infection was found in 2 cases whereas HBV and HEV co-infection was present in 1 case only. Maximum number of cases due to HAV was found in July-August and maximum number of cases due to HEV was detected in March and April.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Rakesh Kumar, Dr. Amber Prasad, Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Agrawal
Keywords
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