Study of the Effects of Gestational Diabetes on Pregnant Mothers and their New-Born Babies in a Medical College in West Bengal
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 6
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common medical complications in pregnancy. It complicates two to five percent of all pregnancies, of which 90% is contributed by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It is utmost essential to screen for GDM in pregnancy because glucose intolerance is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Women with history of GDM, and their children are at risk of developing diabetes in future. Material and methods: In this prospective, case-control study in a tertiary care hospital, 50 GDM pregnant women were taken as cases and 50 non-GDM pregnant women as controls.The criteria used for diagnosing GDM was that if the 2 h venous plasma glucose measured after 75 g oral glucose load in non-fasting state was >140 mg/dl (DIPSI criteria) the patient was stamped as GDM.The cases and controls were followed till delivery. Data was collected by interview and laboratory investigations and other hospital records by using a standard set of questions. Result: GDM mothers were significantly older, and had higher BMI;significantly higher incidence of LSCS and association with hypothyroidism was found.Hypoglycaemia, >24hrs admission in NICU and mean Apgar score at 1 minute were significant findings in new-borns of GDM mothers. However, complications such as polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, hypocalcemia and jaundice in the neonate, were similar in both groups. Congenital anomalies were not found and perinatal mortality and pretem delivery rates were not significantly different in the two groups. Conclusion: GDM is associated with increased rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, which are further supported by the findings of this study. Even the mild form of GDM have significant adverse consequences for women and their offspring and is better to be aggressively treated.
Authors and Affiliations
Sudipta Pramanick, Pulak Panda
Keywords
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