Study on effects of cantharidin on cutaneous leishmaniasis, its mechanism and optimization of the therapeutic modes
Journal Title: Scientific Journal of Zoology - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 6
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the major problems in many countries. Leishmania is flagellated protozoa and causative agent of leishmaniasis which is the most important health problem in many countries especially in developing country. Leishmania major causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). CL is endemic in some part of Iran. Pentavalent antimony compounds are main therapy of CL, they have some side effects due to their toxicity, and also relapse is possible. Cantharidin is terpenoid and vesicant compound that can be found in Meloidae and Oedomeridae family beetles. It was used as treatment to cancer and Wart. It is also apoptosis inducer in various cancer cells. In this study, the effect of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 µg/ml cantharidin on the L. major promastigotes, non-infected macrophages and infected macrophages with parasite amastigotes was studied by (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyle tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay and flow cytometer in vitro. The Effect of cantharidin as 0.5, 0.05 and 0.1% ointment surveyed on the Leishmania lesions in BALB/C as well as. Parasite load as determined by Real Time PCR, and IFN-γ and IL-4 was involved by ELISA. Results showed that the highest cytotoxicity (56.14%) in promastigotes was in a group that treated with 50 µg/ml cantharidin after 48h. The rate in non-infected macrophages and infected macrophages was 13.05 % and 30.17% respectively. Maximum cytotoxicity rate in promastigotes treated with 50 µg/ml cantharidin after 72 h was determined 66.48%, 48.52% in non- infected macrophages and 62.24% in infected macrophages after 48h by flow cytometry. Group treated with 0.05% cantharidin had lowest rate of ulcer growth. Ulcer size was increased in group treated with 0.5% cantharidin. IFN-γ value in group treated with cantharidin was less than it in untreated (control) group, but IL -4 didn’t change. Cantharidin through blister formation induces inflammatory reaction and neutrophils and macrophages infiltration in blister site .It can also destroy tissue by cytokines production stimulating such as myeloperoxidase. However, it can destroy parasite and infected macrophage through apoptosis inducing. Following more investigation, cantharidin can be introduced as cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.
Authors and Affiliations
F. Maleki*| Faculty of Para Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., F. Tabatabaie| Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP990
- DOI 10.14196/sjz.v4i6.1939
- Views 441
- Downloads 39
Carcass characteristics of sexed broilers under two rearing systems in three housing zones in environmentally controlled broiler house during winter
The aim of study was to compare carcass characteristics of broiler housed under two different rearing systems (cage and floor) in three housing zones. For this purpose, 240 day old commercial broilers (Hubbard Classic) w...
Influence of suckling and/or milking method on yield and milk composition in dairy animals
Achieving the maximum marketable milk yield with a high fat and protein content is desirable to producers to increase farm profitability. The present discussion points to the fact that rearing systems and milking method...
Effects of different ratios of associations of forage grasses and herbaceous legumes on the bio-mass yield in Bale highland, Ethiopia
The experiment was conducted from 2010/11 to 2012/13 with the objectives of identifying the appropriate types and level of grass-legume association for pasture productivity improvement in highlands of Bale. Accordingly,...
Oestrus synchronization and superovulation in the red Sokoto doe (RSD) in Sokoto, Nigeria
A dose determination study for the prostaglandin analogue cloprostenol and the gonadotrophic hormones; equine chronic Gonadotrophin (ECG) and human chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG) was conducted in the Red sokoto doe (RSD)....
A comparison of some egg geometry parameters in four close-bred stocks of Japanese quail
Present study was conducted to evaluate some egg geometry parameters infour close-bred stocks Major [(M), Kaleem (K), Saadat (S) and Zahid (Z)] ofJapanese quail at Avian Research and Training Centre UVAS, Lahore. For thi...