Abstract

Synthesis of chalcone derivatives substituted with hydroxyl and nitro groups have been carried out by Claisen Schmidt condensation. Chalcone 1 was synthesized from 4-nitroacetophenone and vanillin using NaOH 60% (w/v in aquadest) as a catalyst under stirring at room temperature for 24 h. Chalcone 2 was produced by adding NaOH 15% (w/v in ethanol) to the mixture of 4- nitroacetophenone and veratraldehyde under stirring for 4 h whereas chalcone 3 was synthesized from 4-nitroacetophenone and 6-nitroveratraldehyde as raw materials under stirring for 6 h using NaOH 5% (w/v in ethanol). All of synthesized compounds were characterized using FTIR, GC-MS, and 1HNMR. The result showed that chalcones have been successfully synthesized in 16.80; 75.83; and 44.11% yield, respectively in alkaline medium. From this research, it can be concluded that the presence of hydroxyl group on the aromatic aldehyde of chalcone 1 inhibit the reaction, while the nitro group attached to the aromatic aldehyde became an obstacle on the chalcone 3 reaction because it is sensitive to light.

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