T-Helper Cell Cytokine Expression Profiling in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients by Flow Cytometric Bead Array Analysis
Journal Title: International Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis (IJCTD) - Year 2015, Vol 0, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease affecting multiple joints. A chronic imbalance in cytokine production by T-helper (Th) cells is likely a key factor in RA development. Our objective was to profile the serum cytokine expression from three key Th cell types (Th1, Th2, and Th17) in RA patients in order to correlate the resulting cytokine expression profiles with RA activity. Material and Methods: From a population of RA patients (n = 71) and healthy controls (n = 18), the serum concentrations of seven cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were analyzed by flow cytometric bead array (CBA). Results: The serum concentrations of all seven cytokines were significantly higher in RA patients than in healthy controls. Interestingly, the serum concentration profiles varied with the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28), a measure of RA activity derived from joint indices (tender joints and swollen joints count) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In the high RA activity group (DAS28 > 5.1), all seven cytokines were significantly elevated. In the moderate RA activity group (DAS28 between 3.2 and 5.1), only IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A were significantly increased. In the low RA activity group (DAS28 ≤ 3.2), only IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-α were significantly elevated. Conclusions: The Th cell-derived cytokine expression profile significantly changes across varying levels of RA activity. Th1/Th17 cell-derived TNF-α and Th2 cell-derived IL-4 appear to play more important roles in the early stages of RA, while all seven cytokines derived from Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) are overtly involved in the advanced stages of RA.
Authors and Affiliations
Zili Fu
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP202991
- DOI 10.19070/2332-2926-SI02001
- Views 106
- Downloads 0
Updates in Vaccines, Viral Therapy and Non-Lymphocytic Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
A key focus of glioblastoma (GBM) management presently revolves around the cancer’s ability to evade and suppress anti-tumor immune response. Therefore, cancer immunotherapy is a critical area in development and investig...
A Review on Adverse Health Effects of Laboratory Volatile Solvents
The main objective of this review is to describe the health effects of commonly used laboratory volatile solvents in institutional laboratories. The most commonly used laboratory solvents such as petroleum ether, methano...
The Role of Hysteroscopy In Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent gynecological malignancy. Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic and operative technique mainly deployed in cases presented with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) or in...
Evaluation of Symptoms and Characteristic Features of Lead Poisoning and their Assistance in Clinical Decision Making
Aim of the present study is to evaluate the symptoms and characteristics features in lead based industrial workers and accessing their reliability in clinical decision making and diagnosing lead toxicity. Study involves...
Hypercalcemia And Metastic Parathyroid Carcinoma: Diagnostic Challenge
Parathyroid carcinoma is an extremely rare neoplasm which typically is associated with hardened nodules in the parathyroid region, hypercalcemia and renal failure. A 69 year-old woman presented with knee pain at an emerg...