Temporal and spatial variation of hardness and total dissolved solids concentration in drinking water resources of Ilam City using Geographic Information System
Journal Title: UNKNOWN - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: In recent times, the decreasing groundwater reserves due to over-consumption of water resources and the unprecedented reduction of precipitation, during the past 1 decades, have resulted in a change in the volume and quality of water with time. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal variations of hardness and total dissolved solids in drinking water resources of Ilam city, using the GIS system. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 20 sources of drinking water in Ilam and the results of 5 years archived by the Water and Sewage Co were analyzed using geographic information system (GIS) software version 9.3, SPSS version 16 and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The sampling and measurement were also performed in this study based on the Standard Method book. Results: The ordinary kriging method and spherical model are the best interpolation methods for hardness and total dissolved solid, due to the normal distribution of data. The highest values of parameters in most cases are related to the western parts based on maps. The one-way ANOVA test showed that the average amount of total hardness (P = 0.68) and total dissolved solids (P = 0.6) in different seasons of the year are the same. Conclusion: Overuse of groundwater due to illegal digging and permanent easy access to water, increased the salinity of water in the central sections of the studied area. Proper planning that allows the withdrawal of water from authorized underground aquifers or water supply from surface water or dams should be done to overcome this problem.
Authors and Affiliations
Farzad Kazemi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP286213
- DOI -
- Views 147
- Downloads 0
Assessment of water supply system and water quality of Lighvan village using water safety plan
Background: Continuous expansion of potable water pollution sources is one of the main concerns of water suppliers, therefore measures such as water safety plan (WSP), have been taken into account to control these source...
Prevalence of noise induced hearing loss among vehicle drivers at Bandar Abbas freight terminal, south of Iran
Background: Traffic noise is one of the major sources of environmental pollution that can cause permanent or temporary loss of hearing in drivers. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss...
The status of wastewater management in Shokuhieh industrial park (A case study of Qom province)
Background: Water resource management is a strategic issue in Qom city. Water scarcity is one of the most critical concerns of industrial estates. This study aimed to evaluate wastewater management in the Shokuhieh indus...
Evaluation of microbial contamination of ready-to-eat foods (pizza, frankfurters, sausages) in the city of Ilam
Background: Today in the world, disease resulting from food is considered one of the most important problems in public health. This study aimed to determine the bacterial contamination of ready-to-eat foods, i.e. fast fo...
Treatment of mature landfill leachate by chemical precipitation and Fenton advanced oxidation process
Background: Mature landfill leachate is a complicated mixture which is resistant to biological treatment processes. The treatment of mature landfill leachate by struvite precipitation and Fenton oxidation was the main ob...