Testing Value for Cultivation and Use of Negin Pinto Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivar Applying for Commercialization
Journal Title: Iranian Journal of Pulses Research - Year 2025, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
IntroductionIntroducing improved bean cultivars with desirable characteristics such as high yield, large and marketable seeds, tolerant to environmental stress, erect growth type and suitable for mechanized harvesting are most important improvement goals in releasing new bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. These characteristics are considered in the manual for the implementation of the bean agronomic value test (VCU). The aim of current research is to evaluate the agricultural value, yield and other important agricultural characteristics of a pinto bean cultivar (Negin) applying for commercialization in the most important bean growing climates in Iran. Materials and MethodsIn this experiment, candidate pinto been cultivar (Negin) along with 4 control cultivars (Sembol, Sepehr, Saleh and Kusha) were studied in 3 locations (Khomein, Ardabil and Esfahan) based on complete randomized block design experiment in 4 replications during two crop seasons (2021-2022 and 2022-2023). Characteristics listed in the "Manual for the implementation of the bean agronomic value test" include the number of days until flowering, the number of days until physiological maturity, plant height, first pod height, pods number per plant, seeds number per pod, pod shedding, the weight of 100 seeds, the yield of seeds fresh weight and water absorption capacity were recorded. Results and DiscussionResults showed that flowering occurred significantly earlier in Negin candidate cultivar (42.3 days) than control cultivars. Early flowering is considered as an important factor influencing yield of bean cultivars. This feature makes the flowering process start earlier before the onset of environmental stresses such as drought and high temperature. Also, in early flowering cultivars, the seed filling period will be longer. Seed ripening in Negin candidate cultivar occurred 5 days earlier than determinate control cultivars (mean ripening period 82.1 days) and 12 days earlier than indeterminate control cultivars (mean ripening period 89.5 days). Early ripening is not only an escape mechanism from end-season stresses such as drought, but it is also important because enables the early production and bringing to the appropriate market price, and for this reason many bean breeding programs in the world are focused on introducing of early cultivars. Among the studied cultivars, the number of seeds per pod in Kusha cultivar was significantly higher than the other studied cultivars, while this trait in Saleh, Sepehr and Negin cultivars was less than Kusha cultivar. In all 3 study locations, Sembol determinate cultivar had the highest hundred seed weight (52.9 g) and after that the other determinate cultivars (Negin and sepehr) had the highest hundred seed weight (48.9 g and 46.53 g respectively). Seed yield of determinate candidate cultivar (4235.8 kg.ha-1) was significantly more than other determinate Sepehr and Sembol cultivars (4027.1 kg.ha-1 and 34463.8 kg.ha-1 respectively) and seed yield of Negin cultivar had not significant difference with seed yield of indeterminate Saleh cultivar. In terms of performance, the Negin cultivar outperformed other determinate cultivars and matched the performance level of one indeterminate cultivar. Among the studied cultivars, Sembol showed the highest water absorption capacity, followed by Kusha, Saleh, Sepehr, and Negin. Thus, the Negin candidate cultivar exhibited the lowest water absorption capacity. ConclusionThe Negin candidate cultivar has strong potential as a new germplasm for national bean production due to its erect growth habit and ease of mechanical harvesting, early flowering and maturity, reduced water requirement (one to two times less), good marketability, and ability to produce larger seeds. AcknowledgementThis article is extracted from the research project of the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute under the approved number 04-08-08-040-011096 dated 2024/06/15, which is hereby thanked and appreciated.
Authors and Affiliations
Babak Darvishi,Saman Sheidaei,Mohammadreza Jazaiery Noushabadi,Mostafa Shakeri,
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP770115
- DOI -
- Views 1
- Downloads 0
The compression effect of nutrition and chemicals agricultural poisons management on grows and grain yield of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars in farm conditions
IntroductionOn a global scale, the demand for agricultural products is increasing at the same time as the human population is growing. Low and middle income countries are struggling to deal with their food security chall...
Effect of pseudo-hormones growth regulators on growth and yield of two new Kabuli cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in rainfed conditions
Introduction Terminal drought stress is one of the important factors reducing the yield of chickpea in rainfed crops in cold and temperate regions. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as an important grain legumes due to its...
Evaluating the damage of onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) on five cultivars and one genotype of chiti bean in field conditions
IntroductionAccording to statistics released by the Ministry of Agricultural Jahad, the area under cultivation of beans in Iran is 105,000 hectares, with an average yield of 2200 kg/ha. Thrips is one of the pests that re...
The Effect of Four Irrigation Methods on the Damage of Weeds, Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and Bacterial Blight Disease in Chitti Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
IntroductionBeans are one of the cheap and important sources of high-quality vegetable protein, which is present in the diet of many people in developing countries and completes the cereal protein. Bean seeds have almost...
Evaluation of Yield Response and Yield Components of Promising Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Resistant to Drought Stress
Introduction Considering the limitation of arable land, the most effective factor in increasing the production of beans is to conduct research in the field of agronomic and breeding in order to increase the yield per uni...