The Basic Philosophy and Dialectics of Modernization Movements in Ottoman Culture and Education
Journal Title: The journal of international civilization studies - Year 2023, Vol 8, Issue 1
Abstract
This study focused on the origin, development, and dialectical evolution of the modernization movements in Ottoman culture and education. It further addressed the ontological and epistemological origin and development, and dialectical evolution process of the Ottoman philosophy of culture and education, and the problem of dialectically tackling the alienation of the Ottoman culture. The Ottoman philosophy of culture and education primarily aimed to maintain the balance in the context of order, authority, and discipline. Transferred from Islamic philosophy and causing a remarkable regression in the empire, such concepts as time, progress, creation, reality, reason, freedom, progression, change, balance, authority, work, and production were determined dogmatically. Rooted primarily in Islamic philosophy, this traditional system had already inherited a stable philosophical and scientific heritage. The Central Asian Turkish tradition, the Byzantine influence, and the Islamic philosophy nurtured all the related superstructural practices of educational doctrines. Developed in light of the position of Shaykh al-Islam, the religious-based educational doctrine focused on maintaining the "balance" in the context of "order, authority, and discipline," not a culture-specific "values, episteme, morality, and scientific" goal, since it adhered to predetermined religious dogmas. The Ottoman educational doctrine evolved around Islamic ontology (e.g., the concept of time, progress, creation of the universe, noninterference with the world, perception of reality, destiny, and genesis) and wedged in a narrow epistemology based on this metaphysical ontology. Reality comprises image (exoteric) and idea (esoteric) in this system of thought. Also present in Plato and Neoplatonism, this dualism focuses on the "monist" idea of Allah in Islamic theology. It would only be possible for the Ottoman Empire to create a national tradition of culture, education, and philosophy and overcome the stagnation of the Islamic tradition, science, and philosophy, only if it negated itself and achieved its modernization.
Authors and Affiliations
Emir ÜLGER
Changing the Channe of Talent: Child Education in the Thought of Early Republican Period Writers İsmail Hakkı Baltacıoğlu and Ali Kami Akyüz
In the early republican period, the question of what kind of society we wanted was not independent of what kind of education we wanted. The young republic realized its most important reforms in the field of education in...
The Role of Research Universities in Turkish Higher Education
The place of research universities in higher education is essential as they contribute to the scientific and technological development of the country and offer pioneering education to students. These universities often h...
As a Socio-Cultural Structure in Kyrgyz Society: Bir Atanın Baldarı
In Kyrgyz society, kinship ties are quite strong. There is a social, cultural, military, and administrative organization that shapes from the family to the clan and nation. It can be observed that a similar organizationa...
The Basic Philosophy and Dialectics of Modernization Movements in Ottoman Culture and Education
This study focused on the origin, development, and dialectical evolution of the modernization movements in Ottoman culture and education. It further addressed the ontological and epistemological origin and development, a...
The Effect of Postmodern Consumption Habits on the Perception of Beauty
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of postmodern consumption habits on the perception of beauty. The study was carried out according to the general survey model, which is a type of quantitative research. Th...