THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC’S MILITARY INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITY IN THE EAST PRUSSIA (UNTIL 1920)
Journal Title: Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces - Year 2009, Vol 152, Issue 2
Abstract
The Polish Military Organization (PMO) was probably the first one to commence its secret activity for Poland in the Eastern Prussian province. Since 1919, in East Prussia, there had also been local offices in Warsaw and Mława working for the Bureau of the Second Pomeranian Front Command.The participation of Polish intelligence in the plebiscites in Warmia, Masuria and Powiśle, in 1920, is not a well-known fact in the history of Poland. At that time, the Plebiscite Department of Warmia and Masuria was established. It was subordinate to the Second Department. An average Pole is not aware of the fact that plebiscites established by the Second Department of the Polish armed groups existed at that time. Not only were the groups equipped with sticks, but also with guns, hand grenades and even machine guns.The Masuria Guard was not basically the initiative of the local Polish people, as it was implied by the Polish side, but the structure created and commanded by officers of Polish intelligence .The Second Department contributed to the development of the existing Polish organizations as well as to the establishment of several new Polish organizations on the plebiscite terrains, the most significant of which were falconry and scouting. The Masuria Guard, estimated at about 6,000 members, would not stand a good chance when confronted with ten times bigger German paramilitary armed groups and did not have much influence on the plebiscites’ results. It was successful, however, in the secret service activity.
Authors and Affiliations
Adam SZYMANOWICZ, Artur GOŁĘBIOWSKI
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP60951
- DOI -
- Views 46
- Downloads 0
UZALEŻNIENIE OD TELEFONU KOMÓRKOWEGO JAKO NOWE WYZWANIE EDUKACJI DLA BEZPIECZEŃSTWA
W artykule zostały zawarte treści dotyczące uzależnienia od telefonu komórkowego. Potraktowano je jako nowy problem społeczny i wyzwanie edukacyjne.W pierwszej części przybliżono krótką historię powstania telefonii komór...
PUBLIC RELATIONS AND ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE – COOPERATION OR CONFLICT?
The article outlines the model of relations between the two types of an organisation’s activities: economic intelligence and public relations. The first part of the mutual relations analyses is the review of the definiti...
ZMIENNOŚĆ ROZWOJU SOMATYCZNEGO I SPRAWNOŚCI FIZYCZNEJ MĘŻCZYZN STUDIUM OFICERSKIEGO W ASPEKCIE ICH STANU CYWILNEGO
Celem artykułu jest ocena budowy somatycznej i poziomu sprawności fizycznej mężczyzn Studium Oficerskiego rozpatrywana w aspekcie ich stanu cywilnego. Materiał został zgromadzony w wyniku dwukrotnych badań mężczyzn kszta...
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MOTIVATING STUDENTS AT MILITARY SCHOOLS
The process of educating students at military schools, as well as a need to shape the proper personal and professional profile of their graduates, will not work if to actively support its human factor is not required. It...
NEGOTIATIONS IN PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN – RESEARCH RESULTS
Negotiation has become one of the most socially effective methods of solving conflicts. The aim of this article is to present the results of research on negotiations in peace support operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. T...