The Biosphere as a Living System. On the Harmonization of Human and Biosphere Relationship
Journal Title: Philosophy and Cosmology - Year 2017, Vol 18, Issue
Abstract
The evolution of the biosphere has led to creation of astrophysical and telluric stable perfect system biotic regulation, which based on a high degree of closure of natural cycles. The development of human beings as bio-social, beyond the biological patterns, break these closed cycles, and dramatically broke the biotic regulation of the biosphere. As results — sustainable biosphere has become unsustainable anthroposphere. As with the origin of life physico-chemical regularities of the structure of matter turned out to be “mastered” life, as soon as with the emergence of anthroposphere physical-chemicalbiological regularities of evolution are complemented by social ones (including technology development and of the technosphere — as the essential content of anthroposphere). The result of the violation of natural biotic regulation broke a global environmental crisis that boomerang begins it is dangerous to human. It is theoretically possible to overcome this ecological crisis by the transition from the Neolithic paradigm of “nature conquest”, to the organization of “crisis management” of the biosphere (world system governance) by the activity of the society restore and “repair” the damaged processes in the biosphere. This requires a new organization in all areas of human activity, i.e., a fundamentally new paradigm of human behavior on the planet. Development within the paradigm of the Neolithic culture (extensive use of natural resources, is inevitably associated with different kinds of wars in their redistribution), leads to an increasing accumulation of non-degradable waste (tertiary anthropogenic products), determines the fatal instability of anthroposphere and, therefore, unsustainable development of civilization. It is a mistake to assume that human’s dependence on nature is reduced — it takes a different form. The forces of human as an intelligence being, “recollecting himself”, about the offense with lifesupporting bioshere’ systems, and based on the concept of controlled evolution (at first stages of crisis governance), to assist nature to restore the disturbed natural regulations of biospheric processes. For this it need to find out what the thresholds (“planetary bounders”) for allowable violations of natural processes are already accomplished, and develop a plan of action for the reduction of disturbances, relying on the regenerative potential of living nature and resources of the human mind. Theoretically, to restore the homeostasis of the biosphere will be possible, apparently, not earlier than will be solved the problem of disposing (recycling) of the tertiary anthropogenic production and increase the primary production. It is unclear at what energy level will be after a restoration of homeostasis of the biosphere, and how this new level will affect humanity (including its number). It is not clear whether it is possible to create a sustainable anthroposphere (is not this destructive human destroying activity passing through the “point of no return”?). Consideration of the place and role of human in the biosphere leads to the conclusion that only biological approach to the study of the modern biosphere evolution is inadequate. Human went beyond existence in the framework of the biological laws, possessed not available to other species natural resources, the biological evolution of human is replaced by the bio-social one. Regularities of this process are not yet clear. Among the objective difficulties of solving the problems of the transition to controlled evolution — a fundamental difference in the speed of evolution of civilization (technical, cultural) and rate of biological and biosphere evolution. Some of the features of technological and cultural evolution give some hope for overcome these difficulties. For example, significantly reduced specific consumption of materials and substances with the growing knowledge-intensity of production, considerably increasing the volume of recycling industrial and household waste, developing of environmental engineering and “green economy”, construction of “smart city” — all this are signals on the evolution of human society and the biosphere.
Authors and Affiliations
Alexey Yablokov, Vladimir Levchenko, Anatolij Kerzhentsev
Keywords
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