THE CONCEPTUAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW ASPECTS OF THE GLOBAL CODE OF ETHICS FOR TOURISM
Journal Title: Folia Turistica - Year 2018, Vol 49, Issue
Abstract
Purpose. The article traces back the history of the ethical tourism standard pursued by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) - since the Manila Declaration (1980) through the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism (1999) to the Framework Convention on Ethics in Tourism (2017. Part of the story of the Global Code refers to the activities the Code`s World Committee on Ethics in Tourism which is expected to continue in virtue of the Framework Convention on its entry into force. The legal and international law aspects dealt with in the article refer to the relationship between the norms of ethics and the rules of law, including those resulting from the legally-binding international treaties and conventions.<br/><br/>Method. The narrative is told by a direct participant and external observer in the process of the drafting and performance of the Code leading to the Framework Convention, as supported by the analysis of literature made available by UNWTO, whether on the Internet or in its archives.<br/><br/>Findings. The analysis shows that neither the Code nor its Committee have met the expectations deposited in them due to the ambiguity of the concepts concerned, such as ethics, the practices considered to be unethical and the stakeholders in tourism development concerned. The text of the Framework Convention is to be blamed for similar errors and inconsistences, while it further ignored its relationship to other international treaties and conventions which under different labels also relate to ethical issues in tourism from its demand and supply side. This situation foretells un uncertain future for the Framework Convention.<br/><br/>Research and conclusions limitations. Absence of records and interviews from the UNWTO bodies engaged in the preparation and drafting of the Framework Convention. These could possibly clarify the arguments being in favour of its format and content.<br/><br/>Practical implications. The first scenario provides for a doubtful entry into force and an uncertain future of the Framework Convention. The second one suggests to substantially revise the convention in consultation with the appropriate organs and agencies of the United Nations<br/><br/>Originality. The paper contributes to the ongoing public debate on ethics in tourism activities in view of the feasibility of dealing with this issue by means of a new international instrument.<br/><br/>Type of paper. The paper refers to the premises of tourism policy set forth in the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism and the Framework Convention on Ethics in Tourism, and to information included in the documents of the Secretariat and organs of the World Tourism Organization.<br/><br/>
Authors and Affiliations
Henryk Handszuh
Keywords
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- DOI 10.5604/01.3001.0013.0816
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