The Current State of Forest Breeding in the Russian Federation: The Trend of Recent Decades
Journal Title: Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) - Year 2021, Vol 17, Issue 6
Abstract
The work is devoted to the study of the trends existing in forest breeding in Russia over the recent years, their comparison with similar achievements in foreign countries with close climatic conditions, and the assessment of the prospects for the development of this scientific and production direction in our country, based on the obtained results. The official data of State inventories over the last 25 years and national scientific publications were used. A number of foreign literature sources were also considered for comparison in addition to Russian sources. Quantitative indices of the following processes were studied: selection of plus trees; creation of clone archives, provenance trial and population-ecological plantations; allocation of forest genetic reserves and plus stands; organization of temporary and permanent forest seed plots; and creation of mother plantations, forest seed orchards and progeny field tests of plus trees. Materials on the development or degradation of forest genetic resources in Russia were analyzed by years. The analysis has shown that in Russia there is a regression of the state forest genetic and breeding complex. Over the past 25 years, there has been an average 50 % decline in individual components, with fluctuations in various indices ranging from 7 to 940 %. A comparison of the development of the unified forest genetic complex in our country with its development in a number of foreign countries (Canada, Norway, Sweden, and Finland) revealed our lag in almost all indices by several times. In particular, the selection intensity of plus trees in the countries of Northern Europe (Norway, Sweden, and Finland) is 21.0–61.7 times higher than in Russia. The provision with forest seed orchards in the Russian Federation is 2.7–12.0 times lower than in Norway and Finland. At the same time forest seed orchards of the more progressive, second order represent a large share in the Nordic countries. For instance, in Canada there are more than 30 % of them. In the Russian Federation, such plantations are practically absent and are not listed in official documents. The analysis has shown that it is time to develop a new long-term program of genetic and breeding improvement of forest tree species in order to preserve sustainable reforestation of Russian forests and their valuable gene pool, as well as to identify those responsible for its implementation. For citation: Tsarev A.P., Laur N.V., Tsarev V.A., Tsareva R.P. The Current State of Forest Breeding in the Russian Federation: The Trend of Recent Decades. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 38–55. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-38-55
Authors and Affiliations
A. P. Tsarev, N. V. Laur, V. A. Tsarev, R. P. Tsareva
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP698338
- DOI https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-38-55
- Views 164
- Downloads 0
Substantiation of the Technology of Mechanized Clear-Cutting of Reservoir Beds and Equipment Arrangement for Its Implementation
The issue of cleaning reservoir beds during the construction of cascades of hydroelectric power plants is relevant. In current practice, forest clearance is carried out in the form of clear-cutting 15–20 years before the...
Simulation Modeling of Technological Processes of Logging
The history of the development of simulation modeling in the field of operation of forest felling machines is described, the main leaders in the development of computer support systems for managerial decision-making are...
The Formation of a Track by the Propulsion of a Forestry Machine on the Slope of the Thawing Soil in the Permafrost Zone, Taking into Account the Effect of Solifluction
In the Russian Federation, a significant part of the forest fund territory is located on permafrost. Many regions of the country have large reserves of mature and overmature commercial forests, and a significant part of...
A Variety or a Separate Species?
Curly (Karelian) birch is a unique and highly valuable representative of woody flora, whose natural growth has been preserved only in the north-west of continental Europe. The article recapitulates the development of vie...
Breeding Tests of Juvenile Factorial Hybrids of Populus tremula L.
The aspen is known for its rapid growth, unpretentiousness to growing conditions, valuable timber and some other useful properties. The largest areas on the Eurasian continent are occupied by Populus tremula L. Unfortuna...