THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION OF THE JEWISH POPULATION OF ODESA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE ХІХ-TH CENTURY
Journal Title: Чорноморська минувшина - Year 2014, Vol 9, Issue
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the religious and secular: primary, secondary and higher education among the Jews of Odesa in the second half of the 19th century. Obtaining of secular education was caused economic factors and the desire of the Jewish population to integrate into the culture of the environment. Conditions of foundation and development of Jewish traditional schools and colleges have been analyzed. Despite legal restrictions in the last quarter of the 19th century, heyday of traditional Jewish educational establishments was caused, first of all, by the acceleration economic development of the city and communities. This, in turn, promoted financial security of these schools and colleges, and generated demand for skilled workers. Among the Jewish population medical, commercial and legal fields of education were the most popular. Peculiarities and factors which influenced an education system of the Jewish population have been considered. It is noted that since the end of the XIX century the Jews had problems in education obtaining. After riots of the 80th the requirements for an entrance of the Jewish population to higher educational institutions were set. Also the same policy was pursued in ordinary Jewish colleges. In particular, according to the instruction of the Minister of Finance, the percentage of Jews in Odessa commercial schools was defined depending on activities of Jewish merchants and financing of these establishments. However despite cultural discrimination, there was the significant progress of educational system that promoted development of Jewish education and culture, growth of feeling of national dignity, desire to serve the people, its revival.
Authors and Affiliations
Iryna Gerbeeva
Keywords
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