The Effect of 12 Weeks of Training in Water, on Land and Combined Environment on Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women

Journal Title: Physical Treatments: Specific Physical Therapy Journal - Year 2016, Vol 6, Issue 1

Abstract

Purpose: Given that physical activity is the most important environmental moderating factor, it has been known as an effective, available, low-cost and non-pharmacological approach to increase or maintain bone density at different ages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of training in water, on land and combined environment on bone mineral density in premenopausal women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group, 40 premenopausal women aged between 40 and 45 years were divided into four groups (with 10 patients each) based on the exercise environment: water, land, combined, and controlled. Each group exercised three days a week for 12 weeks, with each session lasting 70 minutes. The lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density of the participants was measured by DEXA before and after 12 weeks and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Analysis of covariance and LSD, with the significance level of .For statistical calculations, SPSS software version 21 was used. Results: In the combined environment group, the lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density showed a significant increase (P>0.05), while in the control group first vertebra bone density loss was observed for the second and fourth lumbar vertebrae(P<0.05). In comparison with the control group, there was a significant difference among the first and fourth lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density in the water exercise group;first, third and fourth lumbar vertebrae density in the land exercise group; and all lumbar vertebrae density in the combined environment group. Conclusion: Given that there was no difference observed between water and land exercise groups,exercise in any environment is recommended for premenopausal women because the least effect that exercise can have is prevention of bone loss in these ages.

Authors and Affiliations

Safoura Ghasemi, Heydar Sadeghi, Ahmad Tahamoli Roudsari, Zahra Basiri

Keywords

Related Articles

The Effect of Five-Toed Shoes on Electromyographic Activity of Leg Muscles During Stance Phase of Running

Purpose: The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of 5-toed shoes on electromyographic activity of leg muscles during the stance phase of running. Methods: The current semi-experimental study recorded the electr...

The Effect of Combination Therapy; Manual Therapy and Exercise, in Patients With Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Purpose: Neck pain is one of the most common health problems that its prevalence ranges from 34% to 50%. Chronic Neck Pain (CNP) is also a frequent complaint in the general population. The pathogenesis of nonspecific CNP...

Comparison of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Various Types of Multiple Sclerosis

Purpose: Chronic diseases affect patients’ Quality of Life (QoL) and even their caregivers. By evaluating the QoL of patients with multiple sclerosis, the undiagnosed problems of the patients can be detected and the appr...

Small Ball Exercise Program for Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Purpose: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the main causes of disability in adults. Approximately 80% of LBPs lead to chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). Damages to back region may be due to weak musculoskeletal stru...

Interference of Various Sources of Sensory Feedback on Transition of Relative Phase in Bimanual Coordination on Active and Inactive Woman With Multiple Sclerosis

Purpose: Comparing the effects of manipulating senses on relative phase transition bimanual coordination pattern of active and inactive women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods: The methodology of this study was repea...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP263989
  • DOI 10.18869/nrip.ptj.6.1.19
  • Views 133
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Safoura Ghasemi, Heydar Sadeghi, Ahmad Tahamoli Roudsari, Zahra Basiri (2016). The Effect of 12 Weeks of Training in Water, on Land and Combined Environment on Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women. Physical Treatments: Specific Physical Therapy Journal, 6(1), -. https://europub.co.uk/articles/-A-263989