The effect of conventional methods of body weight reduction on overall sense of well-being, body composition and anaerobic capacity of athletes practicing selected combat sports
Journal Title: Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts - Year 2014, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
[b]Introduction. [/b]Body weight reduction (BWR) is a common practice in combat sports. However, athletes typically prefer rapid BWR methods. For this reason the aim of this study was to assess the effect of conventional body weight reduction methods on selected indices in athletes practicing combat sports.[b]Material and methods.[/b] The study involved 23 male athletes practicing boxing and wrestling. The 4-day energy balance of athletes was assessed based on the dietary recording, as well as daily energy expenditure. The effect of BWR on anaerobic capacity was analyzed using the Wingate test, while body composition was assessed by electric bioimpedance. The characteristics of BWR and its effect on the overall sense of well-being were determined based on the questionnaire developed by the authors.[b]Results. [/b]In order to obtain BWR athletes first of all limited their consumption of food and fluids. This could have led to the occurrence of declared ailments, such as confusion, deterioration of the overall sense of well-being, depression and dizziness. Energy deficit during BWR resulted in a reduced fat mass (-1.1 kg), fat free mass (-1.9 kg) and body water (-1.2 L). Following BWR a significant decrease was also observed in peak (-82.5 W), average (-32.5 W) and minimal power (-19.3 W), as well as an extension of time to reach peak power (+1.5 s). [b]Conclusion.[/b] Athletes practicing combat sports use methods facilitating rapid BWR, which unfortunately has an adverse effect on their overall sense of well-being, body composition and anaerobic capacity.
Authors and Affiliations
Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, Izabela Gościańska, Jan Jeszka, Tomasz Podgórski
Keywords
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