The effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids enriched diet on the contractile function, structure, Ca2+ handling and electrophysiology in the rat heart
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2015, Vol 28, Issue 6
Abstract
Introduction. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) are essential fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by mammals and must be delivered with food. Epidemiological observations suggest that supplementation of ω-3 PUFA reduces cardiovascular mortality, although results of clinical trials and animal studies are highly variable and inconsistent.Aim. The aim of the study was to examine cardiovascular effects of ω-3 PUFA supplementation in healthy rats. Eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA), the two most commonly used ω-3 PUFAs, were used.Material and methods. Rats were fed with normal chow or EPA- or DHA-enriched diet for 4 weeks. Epicardial monophasic action potentials (MAPs) were recorded, cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling was assessed and eachocardiographic imaging was performed before and after 4 weeks of feeding.Results. Neither EPA nor DHA affected left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, wall thickness or diameters, indicating that 4 weeks of feeding had no effect on LV structure and function. While EPA enriched diet had no impact on intracellular Ca2+ handling, DHA-rich diet significantly increased amplitude of Ca2+ transient and SR Ca2+ content. Neither EPA nor DHA affected action potential duration, however EPA mildly increased action potential amplitude.Conclusions. This indicates that ω-3 PUFAs are safe for the cardiovascular system, but the above mentioned cellular effects may be considered arrhythmogenic under specific conditions.
Authors and Affiliations
Michał Mączewski, Monika Duda, Mariusz Marciszek, Joanna Kołodziejczyk, Urszula Mackiewicz
Keywords
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