THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology - Year 2013, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Air pollution includes anything introduced by humans into the atmosphere with a damaging effect. The main cause of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels in cars, in planes and for the production of electricity. Air pollution occurs when any chemicals or biological matter that can harm humans or other living things is introduced into the atmosphere. Pollutants in the air include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and small particles that are a result of burning different materials, especially coal. These pollutants not only harm individuals by causing disease, but also harm the environment by adding to global warming. Pollution affects all humans, children more so than adults because children spend more time outside and take in more air, and air pollution, when breathing, especially when exerting them. The main air pollutants affect the lungs most. Sulphur dioxide irritates eyes, nose and throat. When inhaled, cause severe lung problems, such as asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and lung cancer. Nitrogen dioxide damages lung tissue and can restrict airways and cause emphysema. It also leads to formation of ozone, which can eat holes in lung tissue, aggravate asthma and leave people susceptible to respiratory disease. Carbon monoxide, which is invisible and odourless, can lead to damage of the heart and central nervous system, headaches, dizziness, convulsions and death. Air pollution affects the whole earth ecosystem. Global warming, caused by carbon dioxide building up in the atmosphere, traps heat in the earth's atmosphere, which can cause dramatic climate changes that shift the delicate balance of ecosystems around the world. A number of chemicals that have been released into the air, such as chlorofluorocarbons, have caused depletion of the protective ozone layer, which causes harmful ultraviolet radiation to reach the earth. Air pollution may be prevented only if individuals and businesses stop using toxic substances that cause air pollution in the first place. This would require the cessation of all fossil fuel-burning processes, from industrial manufacturing to home use of air conditioners.
Authors and Affiliations
Shyam Bihari Sharma Suman Jain Praveen Khirwadkar Sunisha Kulkarni
Keywords
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