The Evolving Function of IFITs in Innate Immunity
Journal Title: Journal of Enzymology and Metabolism - Year 2014, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Virus infections are common threat to the human population. The interferons (IFN) are a large family of multifunctional proteins involved in antiviral defense, cell growth regulation and immune activation. Type 1 IFNs are produced in direct response to virus infection. IFN mediates its antiviral actions through the products of IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) which numbers in hundreds. Human ISG56, official gene symbol IFIT1, is the first ISGs to be discovered and cloned almost three decades ago. IFIT1 is highly induced in response to IFN, dsRNA (a mimic of virus replication intermediate) and many viruses. Recent researchers have shown that different IFITs specifically recognized pathogen associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) and inhibits virus replication by inhibiting specific stages of virus replication or limiting multiplication by inducing early apoptosis of host cells. In this paper, we represent a review of evidence that IFITs play a significant role in the antiviral defense of IFN. More information of IFITs will promote a better understanding of cellular molecular mechanism of antiviral defense and provide a new insight for the development of therapeutics.
Authors and Affiliations
Saikia Paramananda
Keywords
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