THE FACULTY OF LAW IN LVOV UNIVERSITY IN THE PERIOD OF SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC AND SECOND WORLD WAR

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THE FACULTY OF LAW IN LVOV UNIVERSITY IN THE PERIOD OF SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC AND SECOND WORLD WAR

Journal Title: Studia Historiae Scientiarum - Year 2010, Vol 10, Issue

Abstract

In the Second Republic of Poland Lvov University was named The University of Jan Kazimierz. At that time it was one of the most developed and strongest academic centers in Poland. It was divided into 5 departments: Faculty of Law, Faculty of Theology, Faculty of Humanism, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science. Each of them was highly regarded. The Faculty of Law with its largest number of students had an excellent academic reputation. Students of law made up almost 50 percent of all the University students. The influence of professors giving lectures were: Władysław Abraham, Maurycy Allerhand, Przemysław Dąbkowski, Ludwik Ehrlich, Stanisław Grabski, Karol Koranyi, Roman Longchamps de Berier, Juliusz Makarewicz, Kazimierz Przybyłowski, Kamil Stefko and Jan Czekanowski. Many of them had enormous influence on creation of the Polish law codifications in the Second Polish Republic. Prof. Makarewicz was the main author of the draft of Penalty Code from 1932 and prof. Till and Longchamps de Berier – the draft of Obligations Code from 1933. In September 1939 Lvov was occupied by Russians. Soviets in contrast to the Germans, allowed the University to function. The changes were introduced gradually. On October 18 th 1939 the polish chancellor of the University prof. Longchamps de Berier was replaced by Mychailo Marczenko, a communist activist from Kiev, who did not have the necessary experience for academic work. On December 5th the polish dean of Law Faculty prof. Przybyłowski was removed. Fundamental modifications in the University took place at the beginning of January 1940. As the result the University become a Russian university and many polish scholars were forced to leave. On 8th of January the University was named Public University of Ivan Franco in Lvov. In June 1941 war between Germany and Russia started. Lvov was occupied by the German Army and incorporated with the “Galicja” District to General Government. The Germans closed the University. On July 4th 1941 they executed in Lvov more then 20 professors including prof. Longchamps de Berier. Many of the scholars with Jewish backgrounds were murdered in ghetto in Lvov, the Janovska Concentration Camp and different places of extermination. Despite the terror, polish scholars quickly organized in 1941 the Secret University of Jan Kazimierz. The chancellor of this University was prof. Edmund Bulanda, and dean of the Law Faculty – the latest pre-war dean, prof. Przybyłowski. In July 1944 Lvov was occupied again by Soviets. On 29 of July 1944 the chancellor of the University became Ukrainian professor Mykoła Pasze-Ozerskyj and he appointed the first deans. Four of the appointed deans were Polish and one Ukrainian. Prof. Dąbkowski became the dean of the Law Faculty and he held this function until 1st of April 1946.In October 1944 chancellor Pasze-Ozerskyj was replaced by Iwan Bjeliakewycz, who had no academic qualifications. At the beginning of January 1945 NKWD took action against polish intellectuals. Many of professors were arrested (among others prof. Przybyłowski and Makarewicz). Most of them were freed in September 1945. Between 1944 and 1946 polish people were forced to leave Lvov. Only a few professors of the pre-war Law Faculty stayed in Lvov. In Lvov many of graves of polish scholars remained. The photographs of them make an attachment to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

Adam REDZIK

Keywords

Wydział Prawa Uniwersytetu Lwowskiego

EP ID EP142492
DOI -
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