The formation of the alcohol industry in the Ukrainian lands
Journal Title: Eminak - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
Production of ethyl alcohol in the Russian Empire, which included Ukrainian lands, began in the XV century. The formation of the alcohol industry was more intense after the peasant reform of 1861, due to the state interest in obtaining additional profits and the export of alcohol. The author has identified three periods of formation of the alcohol industry. The first period (1863- 1890) was initiated by the introduction of the excise system on alcohol and the accounting of its production; the improvement of technology and expansion of the raw material base. The second period (1891-1913) involves the introduction of a special law that supports the creation of alcoholic factories in rural areas; increasing its total number and improving the technical equipment. The third period (1914-1917) affected the suspension of the production and export of alcohol through military events. It was established that 20,8% of the alcoholic factories of the Russia functioned on Ukrainian lands; ones produced 28.9% of the total alcohol. The average productivity of native alcoholic factories was 29% higher. Exports of alcohol from Ukraine amounted to 67,4% of its exports. The author has determined that regions of the prevailing development of the alcohol industry caused by the intensity of farming, the location of raw materials.
Authors and Affiliations
Roman Bey
Keywords
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