THE FORMS OF LEGAL INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CHURCH-STATE SEPARATION
Journal Title: Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego - Year 2008, Vol 11, Issue 11
Abstract
The separation of Church and State institutions constitutes at present quite a commonly accepted pattern in democratic countries. However, the institutional solutions adopted are not subject to straightforward standardization. The idea of separationis ecclesiae et status on the level of constitutional provisions tends to be expressed in a number of ways. It may be articulated directly (explicite), or indirectly (implicite). The direct articulation of the principle of separation can additionally assume a negative or positive form. The former can in turn either proclaim the most radical version of the separation, which amounts to proclaiming a secular (lay) state, or it can just declare that the state and the Church are separated (separate). The latter, negative form of the declaration of Church-State separation can either ban the existence of a national church, or of an official religion. Finally, constitutional statements which introduce the separation in an indirect way are most often limited to guaranteeing some basic solutions which are associated with the system of separation. The catalogue of such features is either more or less extensive. In every case individual freedom of conscience and religion has to be taken into account. One cannot forget, after all, that the system of separation, irrespective of its form of institutionalization, is always a consequence and elaboration of individual religious freedom.
Authors and Affiliations
Jarosław Szymanek
Keywords
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Rec. Marcin Wielec, Zakaz dowodowy tajemnicy spowiedzi w postępowaniu karnym, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Warszawa 2012, ss. 383
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