Abstract

In this review we discussed the developments in pain research and defined how the area is building on this progress to understand how pain is recorded. We likewise speculated on how these insights could lead to even more effective and specific analgesics. Methods: Computerized databases were searched for English-language controlled studies assessing molecular approach in pain management and improve aesthetics modules published to 2018. Our search was limited to only Human subject with English language. Moreover, references of identified studies were manually searched for more relevant articles. Results: Pain has been defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential damage, or described in terms of such damage. It is primarily a protective mechanism designed to avoid tissue damage, is very subjective in nature with wide interpatient variability in pain sensitivity, and has been described as “a conscious experience to which the outside observer is not privy”. Despite the widespread prevalence of pain, it is inadequately managed due to a lack of appropriate formal physician training that is coupled with concerns regarding the addictive liabilities of the opioids, a global phenomenon described as “opiophobia”. On the other hand, patients may tolerate pain to an extent that can prevent effective treatment and result in long-term nerve damage that is frequently irreversible.

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