THE NATIONAL QUESTION IN THE USSR (1920-80-ies.): PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF SOLUTIONS
Journal Title: Історичний архів. Наукові студії - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 17
Abstract
Analyzed the essence policy of the Soviet government to solve national issues and problems of national minorities in Ukraine in 1920-80-ies. The main ways to of its realization in times of Stalin, «Khrushchev thaw» liberalizing of society and in the years of perestroika. The official national policy of the Soviet Union was based on the principles of «friendship of peoples» and «proletarian internationalism». A special place is given to ethno-political processes in Ukraine in 1920-30’s. It is indicated that this was a complicated and contradicted time, which gave positive experience in the implementation of state policy in the sphere of international relations (1920-ies.), And Stalin’s repressive national policy of the 1930s. After Stalin’s death the authorities went to the partial liberalization of policy in the national sphere, refused to open repression, rehabilitated thousands of repressed and accused of nationalism people began to regulate national relations through educational, linguistic, cultural policy. It is proved that these processes are carried out in line with the russification destruction of traditions and customs of national minorities. In the 1970s – mid 1980s. administrative-command system continued to ignore the needs of national development. Under the pretext of protecting national interests in USSR national independence of the republics was limited, in the cultural life of Ukraine processes of indoctrination and russification intensified. At the beginning of of perestroika the government considered that the national question in the Soviet Union successfully resolved. But because of profound changes in its internal and foreign policy began ethnic renaissance that was one of the factors of the collapse of the USSR. Proved that the policy of the Soviet authorities to solve the national question in Ukraine, as in the Soviet Union as a whole, was ambiguous, aimed at the formation of the ideological hierarchy of nations led by the «great Russian nation», and defined ideological by party instructions.
Authors and Affiliations
I. Mironova
Keywords
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